“一个+NP”类指句的话语立场研究
On the expression of discourse stance of the generic sentence “yige +NP”

摘 要： 现代汉语中，类指成分“一个+ NP”充当主语(或话题)时，全句的基本功能是表达话语立场，多用于传递“认识立场”与“评价立场”。言者运用“一个+NP”类指句传递话语立场时，有两个主要的语用目的：一是扩大言者的论断辖域，增强立场表达力度；二是构建共享的价值体系，促进交际高效进行。这类句式通常要求立场三要素同现，多伴有指称上的转换，有较强的交互主观性。
Abstract: In modern Standard Mandarin, the fundamental discourse function of the generic sentence “yige +NP” when serving as the subject (or topic) is to express the discourse stance, which is often used to convey “epistemic stance” and “evaluation stance.” And the generic sentence “yige +NP” is used to express the discourse stance by speakers for two main pragmatic purposes: The first is to broaden the inferential scope of the speaker’s statements and to enhance the speaker’s personal stance; The second is to establish a shared belief system between the speaker and the listener so that the communication efficiency could be improved as a consequence. This sentence pattern usually requires the co-occurrence of three factors of stance, generally accompanied with the transformation of the reference for the expression of a greater degree of interactive subjectivity