知性辩证法――《精神现象学》中由意识到自我意识的过渡
Dialectic of understanding: the transition from awareness toself-awareness in the Phenomenology of Spirit

摘 要： 《精神现象学》的第三章涉及到一个重要问题，即由意识到自我意识的过渡问题，这是黑格尔的绝对观念论为克服康德自我意识的个别性使之成为客观的精神所迈出的决定性的一步。知性围绕着它的对象“力”所经历的辩证经验是有限性意识向着无限的第一步跳跃，当无限成为意识的对象时，意识将成为自我意识。但这只是自我意识的起点。黑格尔的自我是无限，一切实在性都包含在其中，因此它有待将自身展开为客观的精神。
Abstract: The third chapter of The Phenomenology of Spirit addresses an important issue, i.e., the transition from consciousness to self-consciousness. This very issue is the decisive step that Hegel’s “absolute idea” takes to overcome the individualism of Kant’s self-consciousness so as to make itself the objective spirit. The dialectic experience that understanding undergoes when revolving around its object “force” is the first leap from finite consciousness to the infinity, and consciousness becomes self-consciousness when it takes infinity as its object. However, this is only the starting point of self-consciousness. For Hegel, the self is infinity, which includes the whole of reality and therefore possesses the potential of developing itself into the objective spirit