姜黄素和东莨菪内酯对朱砂叶螨形态变化和水分损失的影响
Effects of Curcumin and Scopoletin on Morphological Change and Water Loss of Tetranychus cinnabarinus Boisduval (Acarina: Tetranychidae)

为明确植物源杀螨活性物质姜黄素和东莨菪内酯对朱砂叶螨的作用方式，测定了阿维菌素、哒螨灵、螺螨酯、姜黄素、东莨菪内酯对朱砂叶螨的毒力，并研究了药剂处理后朱砂叶螨的形态变化和水分损失.结果表明：阿维菌素、哒螨灵、螺螨酯、姜黄素和东莨菪内酯对朱砂叶螨的48 h LC₅₀分别为0.009 5，0.955，661.20，3 055.85和1 886.40 mg/L；用各药剂的48 h LC₅₀质量浓度处理朱砂叶螨后发现，在形态上，经姜黄素和东莨菪内酯处理后其体长皱缩率在72 h分别达到23.17%，19.46%，在168 h分别达到35.94%，35.79%，与其他药剂和对照的差异具有统计学意义；在水分损失上，螺螨酯、姜黄素和东莨菪内酯处理后朱砂叶螨的水分损失率在96 h内与其他药剂和对照相比差异具有统计学意义.该研究证实姜黄素、东莨菪内酯能够明显地影响朱砂叶螨的形态与体内水分含量，且两种药剂对朱砂叶螨的某些症状与神经毒剂和生长调节剂相似，其作用机理有待于下一步研究证实.
In order to understand the action mode of curcumin and scopoletin, two plant-originated acaricidal active substances, to Tetranychus cinnabarinus, the toxicities of avermectin, pyridaben, spirodiclofen, curcumin and scopoletin to T. cinnabarinus were determined, and the morphological changes and water loss of this mite pest after the treatment with these pesticides were investigated. The 48 h-LC50 (median lethal concentration in 48 h) of the above-mentioned 5 pesticides to T. cinnabarinus was 0.009 5, 0.955, 661.20, 3 055.85 and 1 886.40 mg/L, respectively. The slides with the mites were dipped into each pesticide solution at its median lethal concentration. The length shrinkage rate of the mites of the treatments of curcumin and scopoletin differed significantly from that of the treatments with the other pesticides, reaching 23.17%, 19.46% in 72 h, and 35.94%, 35.79% in 168 h. The water loss rate under the condition of spirodiclofen TC, curcumin and scopoletin also had significant differences compared with the other agents and blank at the time 96 h. In conclusion, this research has confirmed that curcumin and scopoletin can significantly influence the morphology and water content of T. cinnabarinus, some symptoms after the treatment are similar to those caused by nerve agents or growth regulators, and more research is needed to explain their mechanism(s)