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- 2017
山稻间作对油茶林地土壤理化性质的影响
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Abstract:
为了弄清山稻间作经营对油茶林地土壤的影响，研究分析了山稻和油茶间作林地土壤含水量、容质量、养分、呼吸强度及酶活性指标变化.结果表明：山稻间作显著降低了油茶林地土壤的含水量、土壤容质量和呼吸强度，江山、青田和金华3个试验样地山稻间作处理的土壤的含水量分别下降了35.00%，9.20%和19.84%，土壤容质量分别下降了17.39%，4.65%和12.02%，呼吸强度则分别下降了54.58%，20.45%和13.80%；在土壤养分方面，山稻间作虽然对油茶林地土壤全氮、全磷和全钾质量分数影响无统计学意义，但明显降低了土壤速效钾的质量分数，江山、青田和金华3个试验样地山稻间作处理的土壤速效钾质量分数分别下降了13.37%，12.17%和36.68%，而有效磷的质量分数分别提高了49.85%，12.98%和45.43%，此外，山稻间作还明显降低了土壤有机质和微生物生物量碳的质量分数，江山试验样地山稻间作处理的土壤有机质和微生物生物量碳质量分数分别下降了27.44%和37.24%；在土壤酶活性方面，山稻间作对土壤蔗糖酶和脲酶的活性的影响无统计学意义，但显著提高了土壤过氧化氢酶和磷酸酶活性.可见，山稻间作经营一定程度上降低了油茶林地土壤的肥力水平，在实际生产中应加强有机肥和钾肥的施用.
In order to clarify the effects of upland rice intercropping on soil physical and chemical properties in oil-tea camellia gardens, soil water content, bulk density, nutrient contents, respiration intensity and enzyme activities of upland rice-intercropped fields were determined. Soil water content, bulk density and soil respiration declined significantly in the upland rice intercropped fields. In the experimental fields located in Jiangshan, Qingtian and Jinhua, soil water content, soil bulk density and soil respiration rate decreased by 35.00%, 9.20% and 19.84%, by 17.39%, 4.65% and 12.02% and by 54.58%, 20.45% and 13.80%, respectively. Though no significant effects were found on soil total nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium contents, available potassium content declined significantly and decreased by 13.37%, 12.17% and 36.68% in the experimental fields located in Jiangshan, Qingtian and Jinhua, respectively, and available phosphorus content increased by 49.85%, 12.98% and 45.43% in the three plots, respectively. In addition, the treatment of upland rice intercropping also showed a negative effect on soil organic matter and soil microbial biomass carbon contents, with a decrease of 27.44% and 37.24%, respectively, in the Jiangshan plot. In view of soil enzyme activities, no effect of upland rice intercropping management was found on soil invertase and urease activities, but soil catalase and phosphatase activities increased significantly. Overall, upland rice intercropping management decreased, to some extent, the soil fertility level in oil-tea camellia gardens and, therefore, application of organic and potassium fertilizer should be made in practical production
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