4个树莓品种茎解剖结构与抗旱性的关系
The Relationship Between Stem Anatomical Structure and Drought Resistance in 4 Varieties of Raspberry

为了比较不同树莓品种的抗旱性，为抗旱树莓品种的选择和推广提供依据，采用徒手切片的方法，以树莓茎为试材，分析了4个树莓品种茎横切面木栓层、皮层、维管束和中柱等茎解剖结构.结果表明：凯欧的木栓层细胞壁最厚，且细胞层数最多，约5~6层；莎妮和海尔特兹的木栓层细胞壁较薄，细胞层分别为3~4层和3层；南方黑树莓木栓层细胞壁最薄，仅1~2层细胞.凯欧茎皮层厚度最大，为84.33 μm；其次是莎妮，茎皮层厚度为60.07 μm；南方黑树莓和海尔特兹的皮层厚度小于莎妮，分别为48.87 μm和48.57 μm.凯欧和莎妮中柱的髓占的比例较大，南方黑树莓茎中柱的髓占的比例较小.凯欧的维管束数量最多，为33束；其次是莎妮和海尔特兹，分别为31束和30束；南方黑树莓数量最少，为20束.木质部导管的数量凯欧最多，14~56个；海尔特兹次之，为12~40个；再次是莎妮，为5~35个；最少的是南方黑树莓，为4~26个.综合分析表明：4个树莓品种中凯欧的抗旱性最强，其次是莎妮，再次是南方黑树莓，海尔特兹的抗旱性最弱.
In order to provide a basis for the selection and popularization of drought resistant raspberry varieties, the cork, cortex, vascular bundle, column and other anatomical structures of the stem in four raspberry varieties differing in drought resistance (Kiowa, Heritage, Shawnee and Focke) were studied and compared with the hand-sliced method. The results showed that of the four varieties studied Kiowa had the thickest cell wall of the cork layers in the stem, with about 5-6 cell layers, the cell wall of Shawnee and Heritage was thinner, with 3 or 4 layers, and Focke had the thinnest cell wall in the cork, with only 1-2 layers. In the cortex thickness of the stem, Kiowa was the thickest (84.33 μm), followed by Shawnee (60.07 μm), Focke (48.87 μm) and Heritage (48.57 μm). The pith of Kiowa and Shawnee in the stele was larger than that of Focke. Kiowa had the greatest number of vascular bundles (33), followed in order by Shawnee (31), Heritage (30) and Focke (20). Kiowa, Heritage, Shawnee and Focke had 14 to 56, 12 to 40, 5 to 35 and 4 to 26 ducts in their xylem, respectively. In conclusion, the drought resistance of the four raspberry varieties was in the order of Kiowa, Shawnee, Focke, Heritage