日光温室中不同樱桃品种果实外在品质的比较
Comparison of the External Quality of Different Cherry Varieties in a Sunlight Greenhouse

为了比较天津地区温室栽植的樱桃果实的外在品质，以SUM、MZ、BLA、EBF、RED、AM和矮化SUM等7个品种的果实为试验材料，研究了其果实硬度、果型指数、单果质量、果柄长度、果实明暗度以及肉核比.结果表明：AM的硬度最高，为21 369.15 g/cm²，MZ的硬度最低，是AM的0.6倍；AM(0.9927)、EBF(0.992)和RED(0.982)的果形指数较大，显著大于其他品种；AM单果质量最大为7.385 g，EBF的单果质量最低，为4.273 g；SUM (3.307 cm)、AM(3.176 cm)和MZ(3.218 cm)的果柄较长，显著大于其他4个品种；MZ品种果实明暗度(黑白)L值和黄蓝色b值最高，果实呈亮黄色；EBF品种果实L值、红绿色a值及b值均较高，果实呈紫红色；SUM品种果实A值较高，为深红色；BLA(19.72)和MZ(19.48)、AM(18.86)3个品种的肉核比显著大于其他4个品种.隶属函数分析显示，供试樱桃品种的外在品质从好到差排序为：AM，BLA，SUM和RED，EBF和矮化SUM，MZ.
In order to compare the external quality of cherry fruit planted in greenhouses in Tianjin, seven cherry varieties (SUM, MZ, BLA, EBF, RED, AM and Dwarf SUM) were used as the experiment materials and their fruit hardness, fruit index, fruit weight, fruit stalk (carpopodium) length, fruit brightness and pulp/seed ratio were recorded and compared. The results showed that AM had the highest hardness (21 369.15 g/cm²), while the hardness of MZ was the lowest, being 60% of that of AM; the fruit shape index of AM (0.992 7), EBF (0.992) and RED (0.982) was significantly larger than that of the other varieties. Single fruit weight of AM was the highest (7.385 g), while that of EBF was the lowest (4.273 g). The carpopodium of AM (3.176 cm), SUM (3.307 cm) and MZ (3.218 cm) was significantly longer than that of the other four varieties. The fruit of MZ was bright yellow in color, with the highest lightness (black and white) - L value and b value (yellow and blue saturation). The fruit of EBF was purple red in color, and its L, a and b values were comparatively high. The fruit of SUM was dark red with fairly high A value. The pulp/seed ratio of BLA (19.72), MZ (19.48) and AM (18.86) was not significantly different among themselves, but significantly greater than that of the other 4 varieties. The external quality of the cherry varieties studied was in the order of AM, BLA, SUM/RED, EBF/mSUM, MZ according to a membership function analysis