都市近郊区乡村性评价及精准脱贫模式研究——以重庆市渝北区138个行政村为例
Rurality Evaluation and Precision Poverty Alleviation Model in Urban and Suburban Areas——A Case Study of 138 Villages in Yubei District of Chongqing

对重庆市渝北区138个行政村进行乡村性评价，并基于评价结果对乡村发展类型进行划分，运用地理探测器模型研究不同乡村发展类型贫困发生率的主要影响因素，探讨其精准脱贫模式.研究表明：①渝北区乡村性总体上由西南部向东北部递增，各个乡村性指数在空间上呈现'北高南低'格局；②渝北区138个行政村可划分为现代农业导向型、三产融合发展型和城乡空间邻近型3个发展类型；③贫困探测因子在不同乡村性类型之间差异较大，应科学施策，对不同发展类型乡村因地制宜，精准脱贫；④都市近郊乡村贫困发生率虽然远低于集中连片贫困地区，但必须重视脱贫攻坚工作，补齐短板，发挥产业优势和都市带动作用，实现全面脱贫.
This study evaluates the rurality of 138 administrative villages in Yubei District, which is located in the urban and suburban areas of Chongqing and, based on the evaluation results, divides these villages into different development types. Using the geographical detector model, the authors study the main influencing factors of poverty incidence in villages of different development types and discuss the patterns for precision poverty alleviation. The research indicates that the rurality of Yubei District increases progressively from the southwest to the northeast and the rurality index also exhibits a high north-low south pattern in space. The 138 villages in Yubei District can be divided into three types:modern agriculture-oriented type, three-industry-integrated type and urban-rural spatial proximity type. Poverty detection factors vary greatly among different rural types. Scientific measures should be adopted to formulate precise patterns of poverty eradication according to the local conditions for different types of rural development. Although the incidence of rural poverty in urban and suburban areas is far lower than that in concentrated areas of poverty, we must pay enough attention to the poverty alleviation work, strengthen the weak links and give full play to the advantages of the industry and the leading role of the city to get rid of poverty