重庆市耕地转入的区域特征及其影响因素
Regional Differences of Farmland Transfer-in and Its Influencing Factors in Chongqing

以重庆典型区县为例，利用参与式农户评估法 (PRA) 先后获取606份山区农户和604份平坝地区农户调查问卷，基于地块尺度深入分析耕地转入特征，并利用Logistics模型对比分析不同区域农户转入耕地决策的影响因素.结果表明：① 平坝地区耕地转入以水田为主，山区则以旱地为主，转入地块质量均以一、二等地为主，转入地块面积以S≤0.13 hm²为主，且多为无偿转入；② 不同地区农户转入耕地决策的共同影响因素是农业收入和经营耕地面积.不同的是，地块离家平均距离和离集镇距离显著负向影响平坝地区农户转入耕地，省工农具投入和牲畜数量显著正向影响平坝地区农户转入耕地；而地块平均等级显著负向影响山区农户转入耕地，经营耕地地块数量和水田比重显著正向影响山区农户转入耕地.
In a study reported in this paper, based on a field survey of 606 questionnaires in the mountainous areas and 604 questionnaires in the flatland areas of different counties in Chongqing obtained with the participatory rural appraisal (PRA) tool, an in-depth analysis was made of the basic characteristics of farmland transfer-in at the plot level, and Logistics model was used to compare and analyze the factors influencing the decision-making about farmland transfer-in of farmer households in different regions. The results were as follows. The farmland transferred in by farmer households was mostly paddy fields in the flatland area and mainly dry land in mountainous regions. The transferred land was mostly of the first or the second grade, with a plot area of s≤0.13 ha. And the transfer was generally free of charge. Income from agriculture, cultivated land acreage and the number of plots were found to be the factors influencing land transfer decision-making common to farmer households of different regions. For farmers in a flatland area, the average distance of plots from their homes and the distance from the adjacent town had a significant negative impact on farmland transfer-in, and the input of labor-saving agricultural equipment and the number of livestock had a significant positive impact. In contrast, for farmers in a mountainous area, the average grade of plots had a significant negative impact, and the number of plots they cultivated and the proportion of paddy fields had a significant positive impact on their farmland transfer behavior