城市植物种类构成的特征分析——以厦门市为例
Analysis of the Characteristics of Species Composition for Urban Plants——a Case Study of Xiamen, China

以厦门市为例，利用大量调查数据，探讨城市植物种类结构的特征及植物多样性的潜在问题.结果显示，厦门市植物种类丰富，种类构成的特征明显.在调查记录到的467种植物中，国家级珍稀濒危物种只有6种.植物种的频度分布符合Logistic函数（R²>0.99），其中1个科、1个属和25个种高于多样性管理的10/20/30准则.低频物种占总种数的81.5%，热带分布植物属占草本的72.4%及木本的72.3%.绿地野生草本植物经常遭受人为破坏，但依然占总种数的37.5%.绿地建设中应进一步重视低频及稀有物种的保护和物种构成的协调，通过有效的政策措施减少野生草本植物的人为破坏是提高城市生物多样性的有效途径.
As one of the foci of urban ecology, plant species composition provides a reference for revealing the mechanisms of urban plant diversity. Based on the abundant data of field observations, a case study was made ofXiamen so as to explore the characteristics of plant species composition and the potential problems in urban plant diversity. The results demonstrated that Xiamen supported a rich diversity of plants and the characteristics of species composition was obvious. A total of 467 plant species were recorded, of which only 6 were nationally rare or endangered species. The species frequency distribution of plants was fit by a logistic equation (R²>0.99), and one family, one genus and 25 species were above the 10/20/30 benchmark (Kendal et al., 2014). Low frequency species accounted for 81.5% of all urban plant species, and tropical components accounted for 72.4% of the herb genera and 72.3% of the woody genera. Spontaneous herbs were much richer in species than woody plants, and accounted for 37.5% of all plant species, although they were frequently deliberately destroyed. Based on the above results, this paper concludes that reducing the human destruction of wild herbs through effective policies is an effective way to improve the biodiversity in cities and proposes that more attention should be paid to the protection of low frequency and rare species and the coordination of species composition in the construction of urban green spaces