栽培因素影响甘蓝花蕾小孢子发育同步性研究
The Effects of Planting Factors on the Development Synchronicity of Microspores in Brassica oleracea Buds

为提高甘蓝花蕾单核靠边期小孢子发育的同步性，完善甘蓝游离小孢子培养技术体系，通过对花蕾供体植株进行整枝、疏花蕾和灌水3个栽培因素处理，研究其对花蕾小孢子同步发育的影响.结果表明：(1)基因型不同，花蕾单核靠边期小孢子比率最大值和其花蕾长度不尽相同，比率最大值范围在34.94%~79.38%，(2)整枝保留20%到80%一级分枝和疏花蕾保留级分枝上10到30个花蕾，均能提高花蕾小孢子发育的同步性，其保留20%一级分枝和选留一级分枝上10个花蕾相比对照单核靠边期小孢子比率最大增加了125.5%和196.3%，(3)增加土壤水势能够提高花蕾小孢子发育的同步性，在土壤水势为-10 kPa可使花蕾单核靠边期小孢子比率比其它灌水下的水势最大增加12%.
In order to increase the development synchronicity of the cabbage buds at microspore telophaseIand improve the system of the cabbage isolated microspore culture technique, we set three cultivation treatments to the flower bud donor, i.e. pruning, bud thinning and irrigation, and investigated their effects on the development synchronicity of the bud microspores. The results showed that the maximum ratios of bud microspore at telophase Ⅰ and bud length differed with the genotypes, the maximum ratio ranging from 34.94% to 79.38%; that retention of 20% to 80% primary branches in pruning or reservation of 10 to 30 buds on the primary branches helped to improve the development synchronicity of the bud microspores, increasing the ratio of bud microspore at telophase Ⅰ by 125.5% and 196.3%, respectively, under the treatment of retaining 20% primary branches and 10 buds on them; and that increasing soil water potential could improve the development synchronicity of the bud microspores, the ratio of bud microspore at telophase Ⅰ with soil water potential of -10 Kpa being 12% greater than under other different irrigation conditions