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- 2017
汇水区土地利用方式对水库水质的影响
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Abstract:
为探索人类活动对汇水区水质的影响, 以重庆市渝北区50个水库汇水区为研究地点, 应用景观生态学的原理与技术, 从汇水区的角度探讨了土地利用类型的景观组成与景观格局特点对水库水质的影响.结果显示: 1)建设用地比例对NH3-N质量浓度变化的影响最大, 其相关系数值最高(r=0.494, p＜0.01);草地面积与综合评价指数、TN之间表现出了极具有统计学意义的负相关关系(p＜0.01).通过多重对比发现, 当建设用地比例为＞10%时, 水库中含氮污染物质量浓度上升幅度明显增加, 而当林地比例＞20%时, 水库水质的综合评价指数降低幅度明显增加. 2)水库汇水区中, 建设用地斑块最大斑块指数、聚集度、连通性指数与TN, NH3-N之间表现出极有统计学意义的正相关关系(p＜0.01), 林地斑块间的几何平均临近距离与TP、综合评价指数之间表现出了极具有统计学意义的正相关关系(p＜0.01).
In order to explore the impact of human activities in the catchment area on the water quality of the reservoir, 50 catchment areas in Yubei District of Chongqing were taken as the research sites, and the influences of land use type, landscape composition and landscape pattern on reservoir water quality were investigated and discussed based on the principles and techniques of the applied landscape ecology. The results showed that the proportion of urban construction land had the greatest influence on NH3-N concentration, with a correlation coefficient of 0.494 (p < 0.01), followed by the proportion and area of agriculture land, which had a significant negative effect on TN and NH3-N concentration (p < 0.01), and that the proportion and area of grassland was in a highly significant correlation with the comprehensive evaluation index (p < 0.01) and mainly influenced TN. A multiple comparative analysis showed that when the proportion of urban area was more than 10%, the nitrogen concentration in reservoirs significantly increased, and when the proportion of forest land was more than 20%, the comprehensive index of water quality was significantly reduced. The dominance degree of construction land patches and cultivated land patches and the aggregation and connectivity of urban patches had a highly significant effect on TN and NH3-N (p < 0.01). The edge shape and ENN-MN of forest patches had a highly significant effect on the comprehensive evaluation index of the water quality, especially on the concentration of TP of the reservoir (p < 0.05)
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