重庆市璧山区城乡建设用地与人口时空演变分析
A Spatio-Temporal Study of the Changes of the Relationship Between Population and Urban and Rural Construction Land in Bishan, Chongqing

土地与人口的城镇化失调已久，厘清内在的变化机理，是协调人地结构矛盾的迫切需求.本文以重庆市璧山区为例，采用增长弹性系数法，利用2004-2014年的城乡建设用地和人口数据，分析二者的关系演变轨迹.研究结果表明：1)城镇建设用地增长率182.5%，农村建设用地减少率4.12%，二者增减幅度差距大；2)城镇人地增长弹性系数为1.81，城镇建设用地增长快于人口增加，有土地城镇化倾向，且城镇化发展存在区域不平衡；3)农村人地增长弹性系数为0.17，农村建设用地减少慢于农村人口的析出；4)城镇人地关系与农村人地关系变化剧烈的地区分布存在一致性，形成以璧山主城为中心的向相邻街镇震荡的环形格局.农村建设用地的增减决定了农村人地关系是否协调，应加强对农村闲置宅基地的整治.另外，应促进农村人口城镇化，提高城镇建设用地集约利用度.
Imbalance between land urbanization and population urbanization has existed for a long time in China, and it is a pressing necessity to clarify the mechanism for the changes in their relationship, so as to solve the structural contradiction between the two. In a case study of Bishan district of Chongqing, based on the data of the urban and rural construction land and population in the study area in 2004-2014, the growth elasticity coefficient method was employed to analyze their evolution trajectory. The results showed that urban construction land expanded rapidly, at a growth rate of 182.5%, while rural construction land decreased by 4.12%——a great discrepancy between the two. The urban construction land-population growth coefficient was 1.81, suggesting a greater growth rate for urban construction land than for urban population and a tendency to land urbanization, and there existed an unbalanced regional urbanization development. The rural construction land-population growth coefficient was 0.17, indicating a slower decline of rural construction land than that of rural population, and a dysfunctional human-land relationship existed, in different degrees, in 10/13 of the towns. The distribution of the regions with dramatic changes in human-land relationship was similar in urban and rural areas, with the central urban area of Bishan as the center, which influenced its adjacent towns in a circular pattern