温度场下的机场柔性道面转弯区轮辙规律研究
Rutting Behavior of Flexible Pavement in Airport Turning Area under Temperature Field

针对飞机转弯过程中机轮对道面产生显著的附加水平剪切作用，加重柔性道面轮辙病害影响行驶安全问题，基于ABAQUS软件平台建立了连续变温沥青道面温度场与轮辙分析模型.该模型开展了机轮低速地面转弯特性分析，对比了跑道直线段与转弯区轮辙形成规律，提出了适用于转弯区道面变形特征的轮辙评价指标，对交通荷载条件和环境气象条件进行了参数影响分析.研究结果表明：机轮法向侧推力在道面面层底部产生横向拉伸变形，轮载作用位置竖向应力水平低于直线段，与轮辙凹陷深度规律一致；外侧机轮隆起变形幅度增加，内侧机轮隆起变形削弱并与轮迹凹陷盆连为整体；道面综合轮辙深度随转弯速度增加而增加，增幅为50%；轮载累积作用时间随转弯速度增加而缩短，轮迹带下陷变形明显减小，最大降幅达到30%；沥青混凝土面层日间持续高温是道面轮辙初始阶段快速发展的重要条件，表层轮辙敏感温度在30℃附近；通过控制高温时段飞机最低转弯滑行速度有利于降低该区域轮辙变形幅度.
： Since the lateral shearing effect of aircraft wheels during low-speed turning may aggravate the rutting defects of flexible pavement and jeopardize the driving safety, a numerical analysis model of flexible pavement structure coupled with a continuous alternating temperature field was established on the ABAQUS platform. In this model, the low speed turning performance of aircraft wheel on the ground was formulated and analyzed, and the laws of rutting formation in straight-line and turning areas of flexible pavement were compared. According to the deformation characteristics of pavement in turning area, a new evaluation index of rutting depth was proposed, whereby parametrical influences of traffic load and meteorological conditions on the rutting formation were analyzed. The results indicate that the transverse thrust of aircraft wheel load will lead to a notable lateral tensile deformation at the bottom of the pavement surface layer. The vertical stress at the loading position in the turning area is smaller than in the straight line area, which is in good accordance with the distribution of rutting depth. As the upheaval deformation at the external side of the outside wheel increases in the turning area, the upheaval deformation at the internal side of the inside wheel decreases and merges with the settlement basin together. The deformation can be reflected by the index of composite rutting depth and it presents a tendency to increase with the aircraft's turning speed, with a maximum amplification of nearly 50%. With the turning speed increasing, the accumulative action time of wheel load shortens, and the rutting depth at wheel marks decreases with a maximum amplitude of 30%. In addition, the continuous high temperature of surface layer of flexible pavement during daytime is a vital environmental reason for the rapid development of rutting formation in the initial stage. The sensitive temperature of rutting formation in the flexible pavement under study is around 30℃. The rutting deformation of the turning area can be remarkably reduced by limiting the minimum taxiing speed in high temperature conditions