基于主成分分析的西藏自治区城镇化空间分布类型
Study on the influencing factors and development types of urbanization in Tibet

利用主成分分析法，选取表征西藏自治区城镇化特征的人口、产业、用地、社会和自然环境等方面的变量，提取了西藏自治区城镇化特征的主成分，再通过聚类分析划分了西藏自治区城镇化类型. 结论如下：（1）西藏自治区城镇化内容可归纳为7大主因子，“援藏因子”、“消费因子”、“农业因子”、“自然因子”、“城建因子”、“二三产因子”和“教育因子”，主因子体现了西藏自治区发展的特点；（2）2015年西藏自治区城镇化可划分为“中心地服务型”、“农牧业生产型”、“二三产业发展型”、“援助依赖型”、“帮扶援建型”、“自然环境限制型”和“自然环境依托型”等7种类型，不同类型的城镇化特征明显；（3）西藏自治区城镇化模式不同于全国大部分地区，城镇化建设不能照搬其他地区经验.
： Principal Component Analysis (PCA) is a scientific method which combines original indexes, extracts principal components, simplifies variables, and grasps object characteristics. It is widely used in classification research. First, the main components of the urbanization characteristics of Tibet are extracted, and the types of urbanization development in Tibet are classified by factor scores. The conclusions are as following (1) factors of Tibet`s urbanization are summarized as 7 main factors, namely “outside aiding factor”, “consumption factor”, “agricultural factor”, “natural factor”, “construction factor”" and “industrial factor”, “education factor”, and the main factor embodies the characteristics of Tibet. (2) the urbanization pattern of Tibet in 2015 can be divided into “service centered type”, “agricultural produced type”, “industrial development type”, “aiding dependent type”, “aiding type”, “natural restricted type” and “natural supported type”. The characteristics of different types of urbanization are obvious.(3) The pattern of urbanization in Tibet is different from that in most areas of China. The experience of urbanization construction of other areas cannot be copied to Tibet Autonomous Region