铜渣氯化焙烧脱铜机理和动力学研究
Mechanism and kinetics study of the copper removal from copper slags

采用氯化焙烧可有效实现铜渣中含铜、铁物相CuO和Fe3O4的选择性氯化挥发分离，氯化剂种类不同铜氯化挥发过程特异性明显.FeSO4?7H2O为添加剂，NaCl和CaCl2为氯化剂分别对CuO进行氯化焙烧时，物料失重可分为主要失水阶段、微量失水阶段和氯化失重阶段三部分，其中氯化失重部分反应属一级反应.CaCl2焙烧起始反应温度较NaCl较低为315.9℃，且其焙烧反应活化能4.826 KJ/mol低于NaCl 6.001 KJ/mol.影响CuO氯化挥发效果的主要因素为焙烧温度，焙烧温度1130℃、焙烧时间60 min、氧气流量0.2 L/min、CaCl2加入量1.6（CaCl2 与铜渣质量比）和FeSO4?5H2O加入量4.42（FeSO4 与铜渣质量比）条件下，焙烧物料失重率最大达62.3%，基本可实现物料中铜的氯化挥发，同时铁氯化损失率较小，可实现铜铁氧化物的选择性氯化挥发分离.
Selective chlorination volatilization separation of CuO and Fe3O4 phases of copper slags can be realized through the chloridizing roasting process, and the copper chlorination volatilization process is different from chlorinating agent to chlorinating agent. The material weight loss can be divided into three parts: main dehydration stage, trace decrease stage and chlorinated weightlessness stage, using FeSO4-7H2O as additive and NaCl (CaCl2) as chlorination agent to roast CuO. The chlorinated is the first order reaction. The CaCl2 roasting starting reaction temperature equaling to 315.9℃ is lower than NaCl, and the corresponding reaction activation energy of 4.826 KJ/mol is lower than that (= 6.001 KJ/mol) of NaCl. The main factors influencing the CuO chlorination volatilization effect is the roasting temperature. The material weight loss rate achieved 0.18% treated in the condition of roasting temperature of 1130 ℃, roasting time of 60 minutes, O2 velocity of 0.2 L?min-1, CaCl2 addition amounts of 1.6 (mass ratios of CaCl2 to copper slags)and FeSO4 addition amounts of 4.42 (mass ratios of FeSO4 to copper slags). The chlorination volatilization can be realized effectively for copper in the material, and the ferric chloride loss rate is small. The copper and iron oxides can be separated effectively through the chlorination roasting process