高速列车一系垂向悬挂系统最佳阻尼比的解析计算
Analytical calculation of the optimal damping ratio of primary vertical suspension system for high-speed train

针对高速列车一系垂向悬挂系统中存在的阻尼匹配问题,通过国内外各种典型轨道谱分析,利用曲线拟合方法,建立能够有效反映实际轨道路况且满足车辆运行安全性理论分析计算的轨道高低不平顺输入模型;根据1/4车体4自由度垂向振动模型,以车辆运行安全性最佳为目标,利用随机振动理论和留数定理,建立高速列车一系垂向悬挂系统最佳阻尼比解析计算数学模型。通过实例计算及仿真验证可知:一系垂向悬挂系统最佳阻尼比的解析设计值与仿真验证值的最大相对偏差仅为2.37%,表明所建立的高速列车一系垂向悬挂系统最佳阻尼比的解析计算方法是正确的,该研究为高速列车一系垂向悬挂系统阻尼比的初始设计提供了理论指导。
This paper aims to solve the problem of the optimal matching of high-speed traim primary vertical suspension. With the analysis of the typical track spectrum and curve fitting method, the track vertical profile irregularity model which can effectively reflect the actual track traffic conditions and meet the theoretical analysis of vehicle running safety was established; According to the 1/4 vehicle body four-degree-of-freedom vertical vibration model of high-speed train, optimal running safety, and the theory of random vibration and residue theorem, the analytical calculation mathematical model of optimal damping ratio of high-speed train primary vertical suspension was built. With a practical example of high-speed train, the optimal damping ratio of primary vertical suspension was calculated and validated by simulation, and the maximum relative deviation is only 2.37%. The results show that the analytical calculation mathematical method of optimal damping ratio of high-speed train primary vertical suspension is correct. This research provides important theoretical basis for the initial design of the damping ratio of the primary vertical suspension system of high-speed train