铁路继电器温度加速寿命试验方案设计与分析
Design and analysis of temperature accelerated life test scheme for railway relay

铁路继电器是铁路设备中的关键器件，它在运行中的可靠性与安全性是确保各种自动控制设备正常工作的保证。分析影响铁路电器正常工作的主要环境因素，对铁路继电器在温度应力和振动应力下机械特性和电气特性的失效机理进行研究。为了更快速、准确的了解其振动和温度应力作用下的可靠性寿命，设计在规定随机振动应力下施加4个温度水平的加速寿命试验方案，确定铁路继电器在机械特性和电气特性2方面的失效判据，机械参数、电气参数、触头动作特性和表面形貌的三维参数是对继电器的失效判据和分析的必备数据。根据铁路继电器的失效寿命特性确定失效寿命分布与可靠性统计模型，并进一步阐述了无失效试验数据的可靠性分析方法。
The railway relay is a key device in railway devices, its reliability and safety in operation is a necessary requirement to ensure that all kinds of automatic control equipment can work normally. In this paper, the main environmental factors affecting the normal operation of railway electrical equipment were analyzed, and the failure mechanism of mechanical properties and electrical characteristics of railway relays under thermal stress and vibration stress were investigated. In order to make rapid and accurate understanding of the reliability of the vibration and temperature stress under the action of life, an accelerated life test program was designed to apply four temperature levels under the condition of random vibration stress. The failure criteria of the mechanical and electrical characteristics of the railway relay were determined. Mechanical parameter, electrical parameter, contact action features and the three dimensional parameters of the surface topography are essential data for the failure criteria and analysis of the relay. Finally, the failure life distribution and reliability statistical model of the relay were determined according to the failure life characteristics of the railway relay. Moreover, the reliability analysis method of failure-free test data was further elaborated