私人小客车合乘与停车一体化理念及模型构建
Private car carpooling and parking Integration concept and model construction

私人小客车合乘能够减少交通流对动态交通的干扰，提高道路资源的利用率，但同时也会给合乘服务提供者带来增加绕行距离、等候时间等问题。为了鼓励私人小客车合乘，提出合乘与停车一体化理念，即通过奖励一定的免费停车时间来补偿合乘服务提供者。以该理念为核心，构建基于时空变量的一体化模型，模型考虑停车时空差别化和合乘效率等影响因素，研究结果表明：该模型能够较好的实现合乘与停车的时空转换，同时也说明私人小客车合乘与停车一体化理念是一种很好的交通需求管理手段，可有效缓解“行车难，停车难”的交通问题。
Private car carpooling can reduce the interference of the traffic flow on the dynamic traffic and increase the utilization of road resource; however, it brings certain problems to the carpooling service provider, such as increasing detour distance and waiting time, among other issues. In order to encourage private car carpooling service, this paper presents the concept of integrity between carpooling and parking that rewards the free parking time to compensate carpooling service provider. Based on this concept, the integration model is constructed by time-space variables. The model considers the factors of parking time-space difference and the efficiency of the carpooling. Through case analysis, this model can implement the time-space transition between carpooling and parking very well; meanwhile, it also shows that the concept of the integration of private car carpooling and parking is a useful measure for traffic demand management that can effectively alleviate the driving and parking problems