铁路超重货物作用下轨道路基动态响应试验研究
Research on dynamic response of railway track and subgrade under the action of overweight goods

为探讨超重货物作用下轨道路基动态响应规律，通过现场试验和ANSYS数值模拟进行研究。现场试验采用加速度计、位移计和土压力盒等元器件，测试轨道路基结构动态响应参数，并将测试结果与现有规范和数值模拟结果进行比较分析，评估在该试验线路上开展超重货物运输的可行性。研究结果表明：超重货物作用下，该试验线钢轨强度和变形均满足试验标准；道床与基床动应力模拟值略大于实测值，但总体趋势基本保持一致，实测值均未超出材料的容许值；基床顶面竖向变形为1.93 mm，残余变形为1.39 mm，基床较大残余变形会引起钢轨的不平顺，进而会加剧基床的破坏。建议在超重货物运输过后，要及时对线路进行养护维修，确保其他列车的安全运行。
In order to study the dynamic responses of track and subgrade under the action of overweight goods, the design of field test and ANSYS numerical simulation were carried out, and the dynamic responses of track and subgrade were tested respectively with accelerometer, displacement meter, earth pressure cell and other sensors. The result of test and numerical simulation and the existing specification were analyzed comparatively to assess the feasibility of transporting overweight goods at the test line. The result shows that the strength and deformation of the rail under the action of overweight goods in the test line meet the test standard. The simulation value of the dynamic stress in ballast bed and subgrade is slightly larger than the test, but the overall trend is consistent, and the test result also did not exceed the allowable value of materials；The deformation of the subgrade top surface is 1.93mm and the residual deformation is 1.39 mm. Irregularity of the rail may be generated by the high residual deformation, which will aggravate the subgrade damage. Therefore, a timely maintenance and repair should be carried out to ensure the safe operation of the other trains after the transportation of overweight goods