基于精密三角高程的高寒地区高铁路基冻胀监测
The frost heaving monitoring of high-speed railway subgrade in cold regions based on precise trigonometric leveling

为了提高高寒地区高速铁路路基冻胀监测的效率和自动化程度,提出基于测量机器人的精密三角高程冻胀监测的方法。通过对三角高程测量的原理和精度分析,采用短测距单向观测的监测方案,优化监测网型,利用相邻高差差分法构建三角高程网的几何模型。在顾及间接高差相关性的前提下根据其协因数阵进行定权,以此开发集冻胀监测数据处理和分析于一体的软件系统。实验验证基于精密三角高程冻胀监测的方法是可行的,使用0.5″的TS30全站仪在气温不低于-15 ℃时,能够达到二等水准测量的精度要求,在不低于-25 ℃的条件下能达到精密水准测量的精度。
In order to improve the efficiency of frost heaving monitoring on high-speed railway subgrade in cold regions,a method of frost heaving monitoring based on precise trigonometric leveling was proposed in this paper. By analyzing the principle and precision of trigonometric leveling,a monitoring program of short-distance and one-way observation was adopted. Monitoring network was optimized and the geometric model of trigonometric network was built by differential method of adjacent height. The weight matrix was determined according to the cofactor matrix considering the correlation of indirect height. A software system that can be used to analyse the frost heaving monitoring data was developed based on these factors. The experiment proves that the frost heaving monitoring based on precise trigonometric leveling is feasible. It can meet the precision acquirement of the second leveling survey when the temperature is no lower than -15 ℃ and the precise leveling survey when the temperature is no lower than -25 ℃ by using the total station TS30 whose angle measurement precision is 0.5″