槽型轨磨耗演变过程数值模拟
Numerical simulation of groove track wear evolution

为研究槽型轨磨耗规律,采用多体动力学分析软件UM,基于Specht磨耗模型及轮轨多点接触理论以我国自主研发的70%低地板有轨电车为例,建立59R2槽型轨磨耗计算模型,分析槽型轨在缓和曲线、圆曲线、直线地段的磨耗情况。计算结果表明:圆曲线外侧轨道的磨耗主要集中在轨肩处;当列车通过次数较少时内侧轨道磨耗主要集中在轨头及轨肩处,随着列车通过次数增加磨耗量变大,轨槽磨耗量与轨头及轨肩的磨耗量基本相当;缓和曲线轨道的磨耗量远小于圆曲线上轨道的磨耗量,外轨磨耗集中于轨肩处,内轨集中在轨头及轨肩处;在直线地段上,左右侧轨道的磨耗情况基本相似,磨耗量远小于圆曲线和缓和曲线。
This paper adopted the multi-body dynamics analysis software UM to study the wear law of rail. Taking the self-developed 70% low-floor trams as an example, the rail wear calculation model of 59R2 groove was establisked on the basis of the wheel-rail multi-point contact theory. The groove track wear situations at ease curve, circular curve and line area were analyzed. The results show: Wear is focused on rail shoulder at outside track of circular curve. When the trams passed less frequently, the wear is focused on rail head and shoulder at inner track. With the increasing numbers of the trams, the wear of the groove is equaled to that in the rail head and rail shoulder. The amount of wear at ease curve track is much less than that on the circular curve. Outside track’s wear is focused on rail shoulder while inner track’s wear is focused on both rail head and rail shoulder. In straight line, the amount of wear on left and right side is similar and far beyond the wear on ease curve and circular curve