高路堤上列车横风荷载的分布研究
Study on the distribution of wind load of the train on the high embankment

为研究横风作用下高路堤上列车的气动荷载分布规律，保证列车运行的安全性，基于计算流体动力学方法，通过FLUENT软件对典型路堤上不同车辆的列车气动力进行数值模拟仿真分析，并探讨风速的影响，采用BANSYS软件进行列车风致行车安全性的研究。通过区域无关性和网格无关性分析，验证所建立的列车-高路堤三维数值模型的合理性。研究结果表明:各节车所受阻力随风速增大而上升，中间车所受阻力大于头车，且风速越大两者之间差值越大。各节车所受升力差异较小，且随风速增大而下降。当风速达到30 m/s时，车速若低于250 km/h，车辆行车安全性满足要求；车速若高于300 km/h，车辆的横向加速度超过限值。
In order to investigate the distributions of wind loads of vehicles on the high embankment and ensure the safety of operating vehicles, numerical simulations of wind loads of different vehicles on the typical high embankment were conducted with FLUENT software, based on computational fluid dynamics (CFD). The influences of wind speeds were discussed as well. And running safety of vehicle under cross wind was conducted using BANSYS software. The validity of the established three-dimensional vehicle-high embankment model were verified by zone and mesh independences analyses. The results show that: drag force of train increases as wind speed increases, drag force of middle train is greater than that of head train, and the greater the wind speed is, the greater the difference between these two types of trains. Difference of lift force between middle train and head train is small, and the difference decreases as the wind speed increases. When the wind speed is 30 m/s and the vehicle speed is smaller than 250 km/h, the safety of vehicle meets the demands, while the vehicle speed is larger than 300 km/h, the lateral acceleration exceeds the limit