环境规制对全要素生产率的直接与间接效应
The Impact of Environmental Regulation on TFP of Industrial Enterprises in China: Direct and Indirect Effects

摘要 利用1998~2012年我国工业企业省际面板数据，研究了环境规制对全要素生产率的直接和间接效应。研究表明，环境规制对R&D投入的影响明显，且对生产率的直接效应及引致R&D投入带来的生产率间接效应显著，表明环境规制带来显著的创新补偿效应，但由于规制成本较高，环境规制的创新补偿效应大部分被成本效应所抵消。研究同时发现，环境规制的“遵循成本”能否带来更多的“创新补偿效应”，与规制措施和工具选择密切相关。
This study uses the provincial panel data of industrial enterprises in China during 1998~2012 to examine the direct and indirect effects of environmental regulation on TFP. It shows China’s environmental regulation has obvious influence on R&D input and has significant direct and indirect effect on TFP, which suggests environmental regulation brings significant “innovation compensation effect”, but because of the high cost of regulation, most of the innovation compensation effect are offset by “cost effect”. The study also finds whether “compliance costs” of environmental regulation can bring more “innovative compensation effect” depends greatly on the choice of measures and tools of regulation