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- 2018
儿童颏部骨折与下颌尖牙萌出的相关性研究
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Abstract:
摘要 目的: 回顾性研究下颌尖牙萌出前后,儿童颌部骨折的骨折线位置变化情况,探索下颌尖牙的萌出与儿童颏部骨折的关系和儿童颏部骨折的新特点。方法: 首先界定颏部骨折范围,然后收集武汉大学口腔医院口腔颌面外科2012年5月1日~2016年5月1日间因颏部骨折(可合并其他部位骨折)而就诊的儿童(年龄≤12岁),根据影像资料判断骨折线位置与尖牙牙胚、正中联合、颏孔的关系。记录患者术后复诊情况、复诊时间,对于未复诊患者采取电话联系方式询问患者愈后恢复情况。采用统计软件将以上数据准确统计并进行分析。结果: 一共有80名儿童符合要求进而纳入此研究,其中男57人,女23人,性别比例为2.47∶1。受伤原因以不慎摔倒为最主要原因(51.2%)。下颌尖牙未萌出患者中以骨折线位于尖牙牙胚和正中联合为主,分别占66.17%和39.70%。下颌尖牙已萌出患者中以骨折线位于正中联合为主,12人中有8例,占66.66%。下颌尖牙萌出前后,骨折线发生在尖牙胚的概率有统计学差异(P=0.003<0.05)。治疗方法与颏部骨折愈后情况无统计学差异(P=1.000)。结论: 男童比女童更易发生颏部骨折,其中最容易引起颏部骨折的原因是不慎摔倒。儿童颏部骨折的骨折线位置会随着下颌尖牙是否萌出而有所改变,在下颌尖牙未萌出时,骨折易发生在尖牙牙胚附近累及尖牙;一旦下颌尖牙萌出,骨折便不再容易发生在尖牙附近,以累及正中联合为主。综合患儿术前受伤情况、是否伴有并发症和家属意愿来决定治疗方式,可以达到很好的治疗效果
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