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-  2017 

湿性老年性黄斑变性光相干断层扫描血管成像图像特征观察 Image Characteristics in Wet Age-Related Macular Degeneration with Optical Coherence Tomography Angiography

Keywords: 老年黄斑变性,光相干断层扫描,血管成像,荧光素眼底血管造影

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Abstract:

目的:观察利用光相干断层扫描血管成像技术(OCTA)对湿性老年性黄斑变性(wet-AMD)患者进行抗血管内皮生长因子(VEGF)治疗前后的图像特征。方法:将2015年1月至6月来我院眼科中心就诊,经全面的眼科检查,包括糖尿病视网膜病变早期治疗研究(ETDRS)视力表测定最佳矫正视力(BCVA)、裂隙灯检查前节、非接触式眼压计测量眼压、直接眼底镜检查眼底,并行眼底彩色照相、荧光素眼底血管造影(FFA)、光学相干断层扫描成像(OCT)、OCTA等检查确诊为wet-AMD患者28例(28眼)纳入研究,包括初发或复发脉络膜新生血管(CNV)患者。经玻璃体腔注射抗VEGF药物治疗后,每月随访一次并行BCVA、裂隙灯、眼压、眼底镜、眼底彩色照相、OCT、OCTA检查,随访3-6个月,末次随访时行FFA检查,比较初次及末次随访时OCTA图像特征,并与FFA及OCT图像进行对比分析。结果:初次随访时28眼FFA均发现新生血管性渗漏,OCT平扫28眼均发现中心凹下或中心凹旁异常高信号团块,13眼伴有视网膜下或视网膜色素上皮层下积液。OCTA扫描结果显示浅层、深层视网膜毛细血管均未见明显异常,28眼外层视网膜、脉络膜毛细血管层均发现异常血流信号,其中9眼观察到结构清晰的新生血管,5眼在脉络膜毛细血管层发现新生血管病灶主干血管异常增粗。抗VEGF治疗后末次随访FFA发现11眼渗漏减轻,17眼渗漏无明显变化;OCT平扫12眼病灶变小,16眼病灶稳定。OCTA扫描15眼异常血流信号面积缩小,13眼病灶稳定。OCTA可清晰显示CNV结构,与FFA、OCT相比更直观,敏感性更高。结论:OCTA无需注射造影剂即可由浅入深地观察视网膜、脉络膜毛细血管,较传统FFA、OCT检查,更清晰直观显示CNV结构,用于wet-AMD诊断及随访观察,无创直观,安全性、实用性高

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