福建闽江河口湿地水禽群落组成及迁徙动态研究
Community Composition and Migrating Dynamic of Water Bird in Minjiang River Estuary Wetland, Fujian Province

中文摘要：2012-2015年在福建闽江河口湿地采用直接计数法开展了48次水禽调查，共记录水禽175 325只次，隶属7目14科91种。群落主要组成物种包括斑嘴鸭 Anas poecilorhyncha、黑腹滨鹬 Calidris alpina、三趾滨鹬 Calidris alba、环颈鸻 Charadrius alexandrinus和铁嘴沙鸻 Charadrius leschenaultii等11种，常见种15种，偶见种31种。研究区域11月至翌年2月为越冬期，水禽数量最多，3-6月为春季迁徙期，水禽数量下降，4-9月为夏候鸟栖息期和繁殖期，7-9月部分候鸟和旅鸟开始迁徙过境，数量先升后降，10-11月冬候鸟快速增加，7-11月为秋季迁徙期。
英文摘要：The water birds were investigated with the direct counting method in Minjiang River Estuary Wetland (Fujian province) from 2012 to 2015. A total of 175 325 individuals belonging to 91 species, 14 families and 7 orders were recorded. Among of which, 11 species ( Anas poecilorhyncha, Calidris alpina, Calidris alba, Charadrius alexandrinus, Charadrius leschenaultii, et al.) accounted for 68.5% of the total were recorded as the main community composition. And there were 15 common species and 31 rare species. The maximum quantity of water birds was also recorded in the wintering period (from November to next February). The population size of water birds decreased during spring migration period (March to June). The summer visitors arrived and bred during April to September. The passing migrants and part of the winter visitors commenced migration between July and September. The population size of water birds increased rapidly from October to November along with the winter visitors' arrival. The autumn migration period was from July to November. 2016,35(6): 928-935 收稿日期：2016-08-03 DOI：10.11984/j.issn.1000-7083.20160212 分类号：Q959.7;Q958.13 作者简介：张勇,硕士,工程师,研究方向:野生动物及生物多样性保护、自然保护区研究,E-mail:115520538@qq.com *通讯作者： 参考文献： 陈克林, 杨秀芝, 吕咏. 2015. 鸻鹬类鸟东亚-澳大利西亚迁飞路线上的重要驿站:黄渤海湿地[J]. 湿地科学, 13(1):1-6. 陈铁晗. 2003. 长乐闽江河口湿地水禽及保护对策研究[J]. 林业勘察设计, (2):37-40. 陈友铃, 唐兆和, 翁笑艳. 2001. 闽江口湿地的鸟类研究[J]. 应用与环境生物学报, 7(3):271-276. 林清贤, 陈小麟, 林鹏. 2005. 厦门东屿红树林湿地鸟类资源及其分布[J]. 厦门大学学报(自然科学版), 44:37-42. 林少霖. 2015. 中国湿地资源 福建卷[M]. 北京:中国林业出版社. 刘伯锋. 2003. 闽江河口湿地水禽资源及其保护[J]. 野生动物, 4:6-7. 鲁长虎, 唐剑, 袁安全. 2008. 洪泽湖冬春季鱼塘生境中鸻鹬类群落迁徙与栖息模式[J]. 动物学杂志, 43(1):56-62. 汤臣栋. 2012. 崇明东滩鸻鹬类迁徙[J]. 湿地科学与管理, 8(1):38-42. 田家怡, 于祥, 申保忠, 等. 2008. 黄河三角洲外来入侵物种米草对滩涂鸟类的影响[J]. 中国环境管理干部学院学报, 18(3):87-90. 杨忠兰. 2004. 闽江河口湿地鸟类监测研究初报[J]. 林业资源管理, 10(5):60-63. 张荣祖. 1999. 中国动物地理[M]. 北京:科学出版社. 赵学敏. 2006. 中国大陆野生鸟类迁徙动态与禽流感[M]. 北京:中国林业出版社. 郑光美. 2011. 中国鸟类分类与分布名录(第二版)[M]. 北京:科学出版社. 朱士文, 潘秀莲, 李秀启. 2012. 外来物种米草对黄河三角洲生态环境的影响[J]. 山东农业科学, 44(3):73-75, 83. Gill RE, Piersma T, Hufford G, et al. 2005. Crossing the ultimate ecological barrier:evidence for an 11000-km-long nonstop flight from Alaska to New Zealand and eastern Australia by bar-tailed godwits[J]. The Condor, 107:1-20