云南白马雪山国家级自然保护区响古箐地区鸟类物种多样性垂直分布格局
Avian Diversity along the Elevational Gradient of Xiangguqing in Baimaxueshan National Nature Reserve, Yunnan Province

中文摘要：为了解云南白马雪山响古箐地区鸟类多样性的垂直分布格局,于2013年7月—2014年2月采用样线法对白马雪山国家级自然保护区响古箐地区的鸟类进行了调查。共记录鸟类139种,隶属9目36科,其中国家Ⅰ级重点保护鸟类2种,国家Ⅱ级重点保护鸟类9种。不同生境中栖居的鸟类种数不同,其中云南松林69种、常绿阔叶林78种、针阔混交林123种、寒温性针叶林45种、高山灌丛草甸24种。从鸟类多样性的结果分析可知,中低海拔的云南松林、常绿阔叶林、针阔混交林具有较高的多样性指数,分别为3.762、3.777、3.786;高海拔的高山灌丛草甸鸟类多样性指数最低,为2.871。同时针阔混交林及以下地区,东洋界鸟类比例随海拔的上升而增加,古北界和广布种所占比例随海拔上升而下降;寒温性针叶林以上地区,古北界鸟类比例随海拔的上升而增加,而东洋界与广布种鸟类的比例则下降。综上所述,响古箐地区鸟类多样性随海拔的升高而呈现出单峰分布的特征。
英文摘要：To understand the distribution patterns of avian diversity of Xiangguqing area in Baimaxueshan National Nature Reserve, Yunnan province, a field survey was conducted along several transects from July, 2013 to February 2014. A total of 139 species of birds were recorded, which belonged to 9 orders and 36 families. Among all, 2 species were the class Ⅰ national key protected birds and 9 were class Ⅱ national key protected birds. There were significant differences in bird composition among different habitats: 69 species in Yunnan pine forest, 78 in evergreen broad-leaved forest, 123 in mixed broadleaf and conifer forest, 45 in cold temperate coniferous forest and 24 in alpine bush and meadow. High bird diversity index was observed in Yunnan pine forest (3.762), evergreen broad-leaved forest (3.777) and mixed broadleaf and conifer forest (3.786), and these areas were at low and middle elevations. However, low bird diversity index was observed in alpine bush and meadow (2.871) with high elevation. Additionally, under the area of mixed broadleaf and conifer forest, the proportion of Oriental birds was increased and that of the Palearctic and widespread species was decreased along with the rising altitude. Above the cold-warm coniferous forest region, the percentage of the Palearctic birds was increased, whereas the proportions of Oriental and widespread species were decreased with the rising altitude. A hump-shaped distribution of avian diversity was found along the elevational gradient in Xiangguqing. 2015,34(4): 620-625 收稿日期：2014-10-22 DOI：10.11984/j.issn.1000-7083.2015.04.022 分类号：Q959.7;Q958.1 基金项目：西华师范大学大学生创新项目(42713059); 西华师范大学博士科研启动项目(11B018; 12B020) 作者简介：夏万才,男,硕士研究生,研究方向:动物生态学 *通讯作者：黎大勇,E-mail:980119lsc@163.com;胡杰,hu_jiebox@163.com 参考文献： 阿青, 格玛江初, 陈永春. 2006. 白马雪山自然保护区德钦分局辖区鸟类多样性及保护管理对策[J]. 林业调查规划, 31(5): 85-88. 龚正达, 吴厚永, 段兴德, 等. 2005. 云南横断山区蚤类物种丰富度与区系的垂直分布格局[J]. 生物多样性, 13(4): 279-289. 韩联宪, 邓章文, 岩道. 2014. 大理洱海湖滨带鸟类多样性[J]. 动物学杂志, 49(2): 185-194. 何中声, 刘金福, 洪伟, 等. 2012. 泉州市鸟类多样性海拔梯度格局的研究[J]. 中南林业科技大学学报, 32(6): 188-191. 姜云垒, 高玮, 王海涛, 等. 2006. 长白山北坡鸟类多样性研究[J]. 东北师范大学学报: 自然科学版, 38(2): 105-108. 雷富民, 屈延平, 卢建利, 等. 2002. 关于中国鸟类特有种名录的核定[J].