不同生境大熊猫源肠球菌耐药性分析
Antimicrobial Resistance and Characteristics of Enterococcus Isolates from Different Habitats of Giant Panda

中文摘要： 目的 为了了解大熊猫源肠球菌耐药性发展和流行现状,为大熊猫源细菌耐药性监测体系的建立和大熊猫细菌性疾病的控制奠定基础,同时为临床合理选用抗菌药物提供参考。 方法 本试验采用临床实验室标准化协会推荐的纸片法,对从不同生境来源的254份大熊猫粪便样品分离鉴定出的11种大熊猫源肠球菌共计381株进行21种抗生素的药物敏感试验。 结果 在381株大熊猫源肠球菌中,对青霉素、先锋霉素V、链霉素耐药率均在10%以上,其余抗生素的耐药率均低于10%,未发现有对恩诺沙星、复方新诺明、万古霉素、庆大霉素、替考拉宁耐药的菌株;不同种类的大熊猫源肠球菌对同一种抗生素的耐药率不同;同一种大熊猫源肠球菌对不同抗生素的耐药率也有差异;不同生存方式来源的大熊猫源肠球菌耐药情况各有不同,但耐药最严重的均为粪肠球菌;多重耐药主要以1~3重耐药为主。 结论 大熊猫源肠球菌对大部分抗生素产生了耐药性,整体和多重耐药情况较轻微,耐药性差异主要体现在肠球菌的种类上,大熊猫的生存环境和方式等对其影响相对较小,尤其是圈养大熊猫、野化大熊猫和野生大熊猫之间只有很细微的差别,可以从侧面反映出目前给予圈养大熊猫使用的抗菌药物较为科学合理,提示在治疗肠球菌感染时, 应根据分离株的耐药特点和药敏试验结果合理选用或及时更换抗生素, 以减少耐药菌株的产生和耐药基因的传播。
英文摘要： Objectives To investigate the development and epidemic situation of antimicrobial resistance of Enterococcus isolates from different giant panda habitats, and to establish the drug resistance surveillance system for bacteria from giant panda, as well as to provide a basis for the control of giant panda's bacterial disease and reference for clinical rational selecting the antimicrobial agents. Methods Drug sensitivity of 21 kinds of antibiotics on 381 Enterococcus isolates (11 species), which were recovered from 254 fecal samples of giant pandas from different habitats, was tested according to the guidelines of CLSI. Results The resistance rate of test strains against penicillin, streptomycin and cephalothin V were all above 10%, and there strains were sensitive to enrofloxacin, vancomycin, gentamicinand, gentamycin and teicoplanin. Different kinds of Enterococcus from giant pandas had different drug resistance rate against the same antibacterial agents; The same kind of Enterococcus from giant pandas also had difference on different antimicrobial resistance; The antimicrobial resistant characteristics of Enterococcus isolates from different habitats of giant panda were different, however, the common trait was that the resistance of E. faecalis was prevalent in the tested habitats; Multiple drug resistance were mainly composed of 1-3. Conclusions Enterococcus from giant pandas was resistant to part of the tested antimicrobial agents, and the overall situation of drug resistance and multiple drug resistance were mild. Resistance difference was mainly observed in enterococcus species, and giant pandas' survival environment and lifestyle had little effect on the prevalence of bacterial resistance, especially among the captive, reintroduced and wild giant pandas only had a slight difference. Therefore, this result indicated that the use of antibacterial drugs for captive giant pandas were more scientific and reasonable. However, special attention should be focus on the antibiotic