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- 2015
贵州白云岩喀斯特洞穴动物群落结构及其与环境因子关系研究
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Abstract:
中文摘要：通过对贵州省施秉县白云岩喀斯特地区大塘下洞和岩孔洞的深入调查,共采集洞穴动物标本1541号,隶属于32科61种.其中岩孔洞共采集洞穴动物标本668号,隶属于17科30种,大塘下洞共采集洞穴动物标本873号,隶属于24科37种.经数理统计分析,在2个洞穴弱光带中,除物种优势度外,群落多样性均最大.在所有群落中,多样性最高的是群落E,优势度指数最高的是群落C.用Pearson相关系数进行环境因子、物种或群落多样性的相关性分析,结果显示群落多样性各指数之间相关性较显著,温度和群落多样性之间也存在显著相关关系,土壤中砷对物种或群落多样性也有影响.从研究的环境因子与物种或群落多样性的欧氏距离分析来看,除湿度与其他系数的欧氏距离较大外,其余系数间欧氏距离均较小,最小欧氏距离为0.22.表明洞穴动物群落与环境因子之间相关性较显著.经土壤污染评价,岩孔洞严重受到重金属汞和砷的污染,对洞穴动物群落结构产生严重影响.
英文摘要：Through the in-depth investigation in Yankong cave and Datangxia cave in Shibing of Guizhou dolomite karst area, a total of 1541 cave animal specimens (668 from Yankong cave and 873 from Datangxia cave) belonging to 61 species, 32 families, were collected. The results suggested that, the diversity of community was the highest except the dominance of species in reflection light belt. Among all the investigated communities, community E showed the highest community diversity and C showed the highest dominance of species. Correlation analysis between cavern environment and species or community diversity indicated that: the diversity of community were significantly correlated among all the communities, and the temperature was correlated with community diversity. Soil arsenic significantly influenced the species or community diversity. Euclidean distance between environmental factors and species or community diversity was small (the smallest is 0.22) except that between humidity and other coefficients, indicated that the correlation between the community of cave animals and the environmental factors was significant. Through the evaluation of soil pollution, seriously pollution of mercury and arsenic was observed in Yankong cave, which had serious effect on the community structure of cave animals. 2015,34(3): 375-382 收稿日期：2014-10-8 DOI：10.3969/j.issn.1000-7083.2015.03.009 分类号：Q958.1 基金项目：国家自然科学基金项目"贵州喀斯特节肢动物物种资源及其与环境的关系研究"(No:31460570);贵州省科技基金项目"贵州洞穴动物食物链上物质流动和能量循环探讨"[黔科合J字LKS(2010)22];贵州省科技基金项目"贵州施秉云台山白云岩喀斯特洞穴动物物种多样性调查研究"[黔科合SY字LKS(2012)3189] 作者简介：张广(1991—),男,本科生,E-mail：zhangguang0129@163.com *通讯作者：杨卫诚,男,讲师,博士研究生,研究方向：洞穴动物学,E-mail：yangweicheng0908@sina.com 参考文献： 陈德牛, 黎道洪, 罗太昌. 2003. 贵州洞穴淡水、陆生贝类区系及新种记述[J]. 动物分类学报, 28(4): 614-620. 黎道洪, 罗蓉, 陈浒. 2001. 贵州大洞口内若干动物群落研究[J]. 生态学报, 21(1): 126-130. 黎道洪, 罗蓉. 2011. 贵州龙洞内动物群落结构和分布与部分环境因子的关系研究[J]. 中国岩溶, 20(4): 315-320. 黎道洪. 2006. 贵州水拔洞内动物群落结构与部分环境因子的相关性研究[J].中国岩溶, 25(3): 256-262. 黎道洪. 2007. 贵州波多洞和甲良洞内部分环境因子与动物群落结构的相关性[J]. 生态学报, 27(6): 2167-2176. 王听亚, 李廷勇, 胡蓉, 等. 2007. 重庆芙蓉洞滴水地球化学初探[J]. 西南大学学报: 自然科学版, 29(2): 122-126. 徐承香, 李子忠, 黎道洪. 2012. 喀斯特洞穴动物与部分生态环
