不同开口饵料对川陕哲罗鲑仔鱼生长和存活的影响
Effects of Initial Feeding on the Growth and Survival of Sichuan Taimen ( Hucho bleekeri) Larvae

中文摘要：分别采用水丝蚓 Limnodrilus sp.、丰年虫 Artemia salina、鲫鱼 Carassius auratus卵和2种不同配方的人工饲料饲养川陕哲罗鲑 Hucho bleekeri开口仔鱼(20日龄),研究不同开口饵料对川陕哲罗鲑仔鱼生长和存活的影响。结果表明:在仔鱼开口后的0~10 d内,丰年虫投喂的川陕哲罗鲑仔鱼生长速度显著高于其他试验组,15~20 d丰年虫组仔鱼出现负增长(-0.38%),而10 d以后2个饲料组的生长速度迅速提升。在整个试验期内,水丝蚓组和鲫鱼卵组的生长较为平稳,特定生长率均介于丰年虫组和2个饲料组之间。试验结束时,丰年虫组的存活率最高,为(91.11±5.09)%,水丝蚓组的存活率最低,为(43.33±6.67)%。基于本试验的结果和川陕哲罗鲑的摄食特性,推荐最适的开口投喂方案为:0~10 d投喂丰年虫,10 d后逐步添加人工饲料进行转食。
英文摘要：Sichuan taimen ( Hucho bleekeri) larvae were fed with Limnodrilus sp., Artemia salina, eggs of crucian carp ( Carassius auratus) and two artificial commercial diets for 20 days, to study the effects of different initial feeding diets on the growth and survival of the larvae. From 0 to 10 days, larvae fed with A. salina showed the highest growth rate, and negative growth (-0.38%) occurred from 15 to 20 days. The growth rate of larvae fed with two artificial commercial diets increased sharply after 10 days. During the study period, the growth rate of larvae fed with Limnodrilus sp. and eggs of crucian carp remained steady, the value of which was between that of the A. salina group and the two artificial commercial diets groups. Larvae fed with A. salina showed the highest survival rate (91.11%) at the end of the trial, whereas the Limnodrilus sp. group the lowest (43.33%). According to the feeding habits of larvae, we suggested the best weaning and rearing plan of Sichuan taimen larvae as following: fed with A. salina for the first 10 days, and then added artificial commercial diets step-by-step to switch the diet. 2015,(): 752-755 收稿日期：2015-1-13 DOI：10.11984/j.issn.1000-7083.20150017 分类号：Q959.4 基金项目：中国水产科学研究院基本科研业务费(2014A07XK05);公益性行业(农业)科研专项(201203086) 作者简介：吴金明,男,博士,助理研究员,E-mail:jinming@yfi.ac.cn *通讯作者：危起伟,E-mail:weiqw@yfi.ac.cn 参考文献： 陈泳先. 2012. 几种饵料对凡纳滨对虾亲虾繁殖性能的影响[D]. 南宁:广西大学. 丁瑞华. 1994. 四川鱼类志[M]. 成都:四川科学技术出版社:37-40. 杜浩, 李罗新, 危起伟, 等. 2014. 汉江上游太白河川陕哲罗鲑再发现[J]. 动物学杂志, 49(3):414. 韩志忠, 董宏伟, 那凯阳. 2003. 湖白鲑受精卵孵化及苗种培育[J]. 科学养鱼, (2):9. 王绪桢, 何舜平, 张涛. 2000. 秦岭西段鱼类多样性现状初报[J]. 生物多样性, 8(3):312-313. 吴万荣. 1989. 大川河水生生物与虎嘉鱼的生态位[J]. 鲑鳟渔业, 2(1):23-33. 徐革锋, 夏大明, 姚德鑫, 等. 2007. 不同饵料对细鳞鱼仔鱼开口驯化的比较[J]. 水产学杂志, 20(2):7-11. 殷名称. 1995. 鱼类生态学[M]. 北京:中国农业出版社:64-65. Bagheri T, Hedayati SA, Yavari V. 2008. Growth, survival and gut microbial load of rainbow trout ( Onchorhynchus mykiss) fry given diet supplemented with probiotic during the two months of first feeding[J]. Turkish Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences, 8(1):43-48. Bilton HT, Robins GL. 1973. The effects of starvation and subsequent feeding on survival and growth of Fulton channel sockeye salmon fry (