基于MaxEnt模型的二郎山廊道大熊猫栖息地适宜性评价
Habitat Suitability Assessment of Erlangshan Giant Panda Corridor Based on MaxEnt Modeling

中文摘要：基于地理分布点和环境变量数据，利用MaxEnt模型（Maximum Entropy Modeling）对二郎山廊道大熊猫 Ailuropoda melanoleuca栖息地适宜度进行综合评价：坡度、坡向和干扰距离的综合贡献值分别为53.00%、21.90%和18.00%，累积贡献率达92.90%，是影响该区域大熊猫分布的主要生态因子。使用自然断点法将大熊猫栖息地分为不适宜、潜在、适宜和最适宜栖息地4种类型：不适宜栖息地面积为168.45 km 2，占研究区域面积的39.02%；潜在栖息地面积为212.71 km 2，占研究区域面积的49.28%；适宜栖息地和最适宜栖息地面积分别为49.79 km 2和0.68 km 2，两者仅占研究区域面积的11.70%。建议在该廊道开展大熊猫栖息地人工修复项目，以增加该地大熊猫的适宜栖息地面积；同时尽可能减少人类活动对大熊猫栖息地的干扰，以便廊道在促进各种群之间的基因交流中更好地发挥作用。
英文摘要：The establishment of corridors can offset the negative effects of habitat fragmentation by connecting isolated habitat patches. Habitat quality evaluation is the basis for making scientific conservation measures and enhancing protection efficacy for the endangered wildlife.A predictive habitat distribution map of giant pandas ( Ailuropoda melanoleuca) was estimated using the Maximum Entropy Modeling (MaxEnt) with a total of 83 recorded points of occurrence and 5 types environmental factors in Erlangshan Panda Corridor which is the critical area that connected the giant panda habitats of Qionglai Mountains and Xiangling Mountains in Sichuan province, with "area under receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC curve)" of 0.997 for training data. The natural breaks (Jenks) were applied to determine the threshold value for habitat classification in the MaxEnt. The habitat was divided into 4 classes including unsuitable, potential, and suitable and the optimum habitat. Our results showed that the area of the unsuitable habitat was 168.45 km 2, potential habitat was 212.71 km 2, suitable habitat was 49.79 km 2and the most suitable habitat was 0.68 km 2,accounting for 39.02%, 49.28%, 11.54% and 0.16% of the total area of Erlangshan Panda Corridor, respectively. For effective protection of giant pandas in this area, two aspects should be strengthened:(1) increasing the area of the suitable habitat through artificial afforestation, and (2) reducing human disturbances to the habitat. 2016,35(6): 833-837 收稿日期：2016-05-08 DOI：10.11984/j.issn.1000-7083.20160117 分类号：Q958 基金项目：天全县喇叭河-紫石-二郎山大熊猫基因交流廊道建设项目调查监测及技术培训部分（天政采招）[2014]28号 作者简介：黎运喜(1984-),男,硕士,主要从事野生动物保护与管理研究 *通讯作者：黎运喜,E-mail:454616101@qq.com 参考文献： 范隆庆, 董岚, 张顺林, 等. 2010.凉山山系的大熊猫栖息地景观格局[J]. 应用与环境生物学报, 16(2):179-184. 胡锦矗. 2001. 大熊猫研究[M]. 上海:上海科技教育出版社:209-402. 刘雪华, Skidmore AK, Bronsveld MC. 2006. 集成的专家系统和神经网络应用于大熊猫生境评价[J]. 应用生态学报, 17(3):438-443. 罗翀, 徐卫华, 周志翔, 等. 2011. 基于生态位模型的秦岭山系林麝生境预测[J]. 生态学报, 31(5):1211-1229. 青菁, 胥池, 杨彪, 等. 2016. 小相岭山系大熊猫廊道规划[J]. 生态学报, 36(4):1125-1113. 戎战磊, 张晋东, 洪明生, 等. 2015.蜂桶寨自然保护区大熊猫生境适宜性评价与保护管理对策[J]. 生态学杂志, 34(3):621-625. 四川省林业厅. 2015. 四川省第四次大熊猫调查报告[C].