湖南黄桑国家级自然保护区两栖爬行动物多样性及区系分析
Analysis on Herpetological Diversity and Fauna in Huangsang National Nature Reserve, Hunan Province

中文摘要：为掌握湖南黄桑国家级自然保护区野生动物资源现状，促进保护区的有效管理，2013年7月30日-8月7日、2014年5月1日-8日，采用样带法对保护区两栖爬行动物资源进行了实地调查。结果表明：保护区共有两栖爬行动物77种，隶属于4目21科。其中，两栖纲2目9科31种，爬行纲2目12科46种；东洋界种类61种，广布种16种，无古北界物种，动物区系组成以东洋界华中区和华南区共有种为主；与2005年申报国家级自然保护区时的数据相比，此次新增16种两栖动物和7种爬行动物。两栖动物生态类型以流水型居多，其次为陆栖-静水型，树栖型、陆栖-流水型和静水型最少。多样性和均匀度指数分析结果显示：保护区两栖爬行动物物种多样性丰富，稳定性高，各属物种分布均匀，但各科的分布不均匀。通过平均动物区系相似性分析发现：保护区处于南岭山脉与雪峰山脉过渡地域，地理位置独特，两栖爬行动物地理区划亦体现出华中区西部山地高原亚区与东部丘陵平原亚区的过渡性。最后根据资源特点和管理现状，提出了针对性的保护建议。
英文摘要：In order to master the resources of amphibians and reptiles in Huangsang National Nature Reserve, Hunan province, and promote reserve management effectively, the resources of amphibians and reptiles in the reserve were investigated from July 30 to August 7, 2013, May 1 to May 8, 2014. The results showed that there were 77 species of amphibians and reptiles, belonging to 21 families of 4 orders. Among of which, there were 31 amphibians belonging to 9 families of 2 orders, and 46 reptiles belonging to 12 families of 2 orders. Compared with the species recorded in 2005, 16 amphibians and 7 reptiles were considered as new records. There were 61 species belonging to the Oriental realm, of which 53 species were distributed in both Central and South China, and 16 species were widely distributed. The ecological types of 31 amphibians were mainly consisted of Running water type, followed by Terrestrial-Quiet water type, while Arboreal type, Quiet water type and Terrestrial-Running type were the smallest. Based on the analysis of species diversity and evenness index, we found that the species diversity of the reserve was rich with high stability. The distribution of these species was uniform in genera level rather than in family. The result of average faunal resemblance analysis showed that, the reserve had a unique geographical location and was a transition zone of herpetological. Finally, some protective measures were suggested in order to promote the wildlife conservation and management of the reserve. 2016,35(4): 601-608 收稿日期：2016-02-25 DOI：10.11984/j.issn.1000-7083.20160038 分类号：Q959.5;Q959.6 基金项目：《湖南黄桑国家级自然保护区自然资源综合科学考察》委托项目 作者简介：吴炳贤(1990-),男,硕士研究生,研究方向:野生动物保护与自然保护区管理,E-mail:835631954@qq.com *通讯作者：杨道德,E-mail:csfuyydd@126.com 参考文献： 蔡波, 王跃招, 陈跃英, 等. 2015. 中国爬行纲动物分类厘定[J]. 生物多样性, 23(3):365-382. 陈继军, 张旋, 杨绍军, 等. 2007. 贵州雷公山自然保护区两栖动物调查报告[J]. 四川动物, 26(4):826-830. 费梁, 叶昌媛, 江建平. 2012. 中国两栖动物及其分布彩色图鉴[M]. 成都:四川科学技术出版社. 蒋才云, 曾小飚. 2011. 广西元宝山自然保护区两栖动物资源调查及保护[J]. 湖北农业科学, 50(1):124-127. 蒋志刚, 马克平, 韩兴国. 1999. 保护生物学[M]. 浙江:浙江科学技术出版社:40-47. 蒋志刚, 覃海宁, 刘忆南, 等. 2015. 保护生物多样性, 促进可持续发展——纪念《中国生物物种名录》和《中国生物多样性红色名录》发布[J]. 生物多样性,