圈养大熊猫粪便中微生物多样性的研究
Diversity of Microorganism in the Feces of Captive Giant Pandas

中文摘要：本试验采集了5只圈养成年大熊猫的新鲜粪便,用高通量测序技术,研究了大熊猫粪便中细菌和古菌的结构和组成。试验结果表明:圈养成年大熊猫粪便细菌主要由变形菌门Proteobacteria(74.45%)、厚壁菌门Firmicutes(15.66%)、拟杆菌门Bacteroidetes(4.34%)、蓝藻门Cyanophyta/色球藻纲Chroococcophyceae(4.01%)等组成,其中变形菌门主要以埃希氏杆菌属 Esherichia/志贺氏菌属 Shigella(49.84%)为主;厚壁菌门主要以梭菌属 Clostridium(4.65%)为主;拟杆菌门主要以稳杆菌属 Empedobacter(3.51%)为主;蓝藻门全部为未分类的色球藻纲(4.01%)。古菌主要由泉古菌门Crenarchaeota(55.99%)和广古菌门Euryarchaeota(42.33%)组成,其中优势古菌是热变形菌纲Thermoprotei(55.99%)中未分类的属和产甲烷菌属 Methanogenium(24.70%)。
英文摘要：The structures and compositions of bacteria and archaeal in the feces of five adult captive giant pandas were studied using high-throughput sequencing technology. The results showed that the bacteria mainly consisted of Proteobacteria (74.45% of total sequences), Firmicutes (15.66%), Bacteroidetes (4.34%), and Cyanophyta/Chroococcophyceae (4.01%) at the phylum level. Within the phylum Proteobacteria, Escherichia/ Shigella (49.84%) was the most abundant genus. Within the phylum Firmicutes, Clostridium (4.65%) was the most abundant genus. Within the phylum Bacteroidetes, Empedobacter (3.51%) was the most abundant genus. Within the phylum Cyanophyta//Chroococcophyceae, only the unclassified Chroococcophyceae (4.01%) was detected. The archaea mainly consisted of Crenarchaeota (55.99%) and Euryarchaeota (42.33%) at the phylum level, and the unclassified Thermoprotei (55.99%) and Methanogenium (24.70%) were the two dominant memberships at the genus level. 2016,(1): 17-23 收稿日期：2015-04-19 DOI：10.11984/j.issn.1000-7083.20150140 分类号：Q959.8 基金项目：四川省科技厅国际合作项目(2013HH0043畜禽温室气体排放量检测及减排技术研究) 作者简介：王立志(1974-), 男, 博士, 副教授, 硕士生导师, 主要从事动物营养学研究 *通讯作者：王立志, E-mail:wanglizhi@aliyun.com 参考文献： 费立松, 杨光友, 张志和, 等. 2005. 大熊猫胃内纤毛虫检测初报[J]. 动物学报, 51(3): 526-529. 何廷美, 崔婷婷, 钟志军, 等. 2012. 成年大熊猫肠道菌群多样性的16S rDNA-RELP分析[J]. 中国兽医科学, 42(11): 1121-1127. 李志鹏. 2013. 梅花鹿瘤胃微生物多样性与优势菌群分析[D]. 北京: 中国农业科学院. 熊焰, 李德生, 王印, 等. 2000. 卧龙自然保护区大熊猫粪样菌群的分离鉴定与分布研究[J]. 畜牧兽医学报, 31(2): 165-170. 张志和, 何光昕, 张安居, 等. 1995. 大熊猫肠道正常菌群的研究[J]. 兽类学报, 15(3): 170-175. 周杰珑, 刘丽, 王家晶, 等. 2012. 春季动物园大熊猫粪便可培养真菌鉴定与分析[J]. 西南林业大学学报, 32(1): 75-78. Caporaso JG, Kuczynski J, Stombaugh J, et al. 2010. QIIME allows analysis of high-throughput community sequencing data[J]. Nature Methods, 7(5): 335-336. Chaudhary PP, Sirohi SK, Saxena J. 2012. Diversity analysis of methanogens in rumen of Bubalus bubalis by 16S riboprinting and sequence analysis[J]. Gene, 493(1): 13-17. Cole JR, Wang Q, Cardenas E, et al. 2009. The ribosomal database project: improved alignments and new tools for rRNA analysis[J]. Nucleic Acids Research, 37: 141-145. Edgar RC. 2010. Search and clustering