基于线粒体基因的广西变色树蜥种群分子系统关系与遗传多样性
Phylogenetic Relationship and Genetic Diversity of Calotes versicolor in Guangxi

中文摘要：物种分子系统关系是进化生物学领域最基本也是最重要的问题之一。本研究通过测序分析了来自广西等地90个变色树蜥 Calotes versicolor的ND2-tRNA基因片段，分析了不同地理种群的单倍型、种群间的遗传分化程度（ F st）和历史动态，构建了单倍型之间的分子系统关系。结果发现，所研究的地理种群共检测到45个单倍型，总体呈现较高的单倍型多样性（0.941 8）和较低的核苷酸多样性（0.005 5），其中有6个地理种群的个体共享1个单倍型。大部分种群间 F st值较高且差异显著，遗传分化程度较高。分子方差分析结果表明，遗传变异主要来自种群内的遗传差异。系统进化分析结果表明，所研究的地理种群并没有出现明显的遗传分支且在地理上没有严格的分布范围和分化，这可能是由于种群间存在渐渗杂交或不完全的谱系筛选。网络关系图也显示各采样种群间不存在明显的谱系结构。种群历史动态分析表明，各地理种群不存在扩张现象。把所有地理种群合并在一起分析表明，贝叶斯轮廓图分析与碱基错配分析方法均检测到种群在历史上发生过快速扩张，约0.05 Ma前存在种群扩张现象。
英文摘要：Phylogenetic relationship of species is one of the most fundamental and important problem in evolutionary biology. In this study, we sequenced the ND2-tRNA mitochondrion gene of 90 Calotes versicolor, analyzed the haplotypes and the level of population differentiation ( F st), and constructed the phylogenetic relationship among haplotypes from different populations. Results showed that 45 haplotypes were identified from 90 individuals, which displayed relatively high haplotype diversity (0.941 8) and low nucleotide diversity (0.005 5), respectively. Six populations shared a common haplotype. Most populations had higher F st values and significantly differentiated. The analysis of molecular variance (AMOVA) showed that overall population divergent variation was mainly from within populations. Phylogenetic trees based on haplotype dataset by using maximum parsimony, maximum likelihood method and bayesian inference methods showed that all haplotypes from geographical populations did not appear to be a distinct genetic clade, and the strict geographical distribution and differentiation, which may because of introgressive hybridization or incomplete lineage sorting. The result of network diagram analysis showed that all haplotypes had an indistinct genetic clade. Population history dynamic analysis showed that there was no expansion in each geographical population. However, mismatch analysis and bayesian skyline plot analysis indicated that overall C. versicolor populations experienced rapid expansion during 0.05 million years ago. 2017,36(5): 519-530 收稿日期：2017-03-03 DOI：10.11984/j.issn.1000-7083.20170067 分类号：Q959.6 基金项目：国家自然科学基金项目（31460559）；广西自然科学基金项目（2014GXNSFBA118113） 作者简介： *通讯作者：黄勇,男,博士,从事两栖爬行动物系统、分子进化和动物地理学研究,E-mail:huangykiz@163.com 参考文献： 王元青. 1991. 分子进化与形态进化是相互矛盾还是协调的?[J]. 古脊椎动物学报, 29(1):80-81. 赵尓宓, 赵肯堂, 周开亚, 等. 1999. 中国动物志[M]. 北京:科学出版社:38. Bandelt HJ, Forster P, Rohl A. 1999. Median-joining networks for inferring intraspecific phylogenies[J]. Molecular Biology and Evolution, 16(1):37-48. Boulenger GA. 1912.A vertebrate fauna of the Malay Peninsula from the Isthamus