基于鸟类功能性连接度的林地网络评价——以长沙市宁乡县中心城区为例
The Assessment on Woodland Network Based on Functional Connectivity of Bird's Biological Characteristics:A Case Study in Ningxiang County, Changsha

中文摘要：基于功能性连接度的相关理论，以长沙市宁乡县中心城区为研究区域，以灰椋鸟 Sturnus cineraceus为城区鸟类的指示物种，采用连接度指数ⅡC、PC对研究区域现有林地网络的功能性连接度进行分析，并选取11个核心林地斑块和15个重要林地斑块，11条核心飞行廊道和16条重要飞行廊道；再利用最小累积阻力模型对林地斑块及斑块间的连线进行分析，识别出不利于灰椋鸟进行生态扩散过程的林地斑块及飞行廊道：核心林地斑块中斑块31、斑块43受中度干扰，核心飞行廊道中廊道50-42、廊道28-3处于中度阻碍状态，在今后进行城市生态格局规划时需对其进行优化。
英文摘要：The habitat fragmentation of current urban ecological structure and the disturbance on native species are increasingly severe along with urban development. Therefore, it is obviously significant to analyze and integrate the urban ecological network by testing the functional connectivity of special species which can provide theoretical basis for the solution to the fragmentation of landscape space type and enrichment of landscape space heterogeneity, as well as technical guidance and reference basis for the optimization of landscape space pattern. Moreover, these can also contribute to the understanding of current regional ecological status, and thus have vital practical significance in further development and guidance of urban construction while protecting the whole landscape ecology. Sturnus cineraceus is the indicator species in urban area, the functional connectivity of which was studied in the central urban area of Ningxiang county, Changsha city. Connectivity indices such as integral index of connectivity and probability of connectivity were used to analyze the functional connectivity. Specifically, 11 and 15 forest patches were selected as the patches of core woodland and patches of important woodland, respectively, while 11 and 16 links were selected as core flight corridors and important flight corridors, respectively. Subsequently, the minimum cumulative resistance model was utilized to analyze the links between the woodland area and the selected patches, and the woodland patches and flight corridors that disadvantageous to the ecological diffusion process of the S. cineraceus were identified. Patch 31 in the core woodland showed intermediate disturbance against the influence of surrounding land cover type and its own area, and patch 43 was intermediately disturbed by the human residential areas. Corridors 50-42 and 28-3 among the core flight corridors were under the state of intermediate obstruction, which should be optimized in the future urban ecological pattern planning. 2017,36(5): 489-497 收稿日期：2016-11-14 DOI：10.11984/j.issn.1000-7083.20160312 分类号：Q143 作者简介：陈涛(1993-),男,硕士,主要从事风景园林学、景观生态学研究 *通讯作者：陈涛,E-mail:694717136@qq.com 参考文献： 陈春娣, Meurk DC, Stewart HG, 等. 2015. 城市生态网络功能性连接辨识方法[J]. 生态学报, 35(19):6414-6424. 陈水华, 丁平, 郑光美, 等. 2005. 园林鸟类群落的岛屿性格局[J]. 生态学报,