杂色山雀体型、子代性别比与鸣唱特征的相关性研究
The Correlation Research of the Relationship between Body Size, Sex Ratio of Offspring and Bird Song in Parus varius varius

中文摘要：鸣声在鸣鸟的生活史中具有重要作用，是其与外界进行信息交流最有效的方式之一。鸟类的鸣唱与其个体因素（如体型、子代性别比等）有着十分重要的联系。为了揭示个体体型、子代性别比与鸣唱特征之间的相关性，于2014-2015年3-6月在辽宁省仙人洞国家级自然保护区对杂色山雀指名亚种 Parus varius varius的鸣声进行录制，测量了各体型参数，并对每巢雏鸟进行性别鉴定。结果显示：（1）杂色山雀体型与其鸣唱的最高频率具有显著相关性，但单一体型参数（体质量、跗蹠长度）与其鸣声参数相关性均不显著；（2）鸣唱语句长度与子代性别比具有显著相关性，子代性别比与其他鸣声参数均不存在显著相关性。本研究结果有助于进一步了解小型鸟类体型与鸣唱的关系，以及鸣唱与子代性别比之间的关系。
英文摘要：Bird song is an important behavior in birds, with great evolutionary and ecological implications. It is one of the best effective ways for communication among individuals within the bird communities. It has been suggested that there is a significant relationship between bird song and individual intrinsic factors (body size, sex ratio of offspring). To investigate the relationship between the singing behavior of varied tits ( Parus varius varius) and body size as well as sex ratio of offspring, we recorded the songs of P. varius varius between March and June in 2014-2015 at Xianrendong Nature Reserve, Liaoning province. Additionally, the body size and sex ratio of offspring of P. varius varius were also measured. The results showed that:(1) there was a positive relationship between integrated morphological measurement and maximum frequency of bird song; (2) there was a positive relationship between sex ratio of offspring and duration of verse of bird song. This study enriched the small birds' body size relationship with the song, and the relationship between the song and sex ratio of offspring. 2017,36(2): 168-173 收稿日期：2016-07-17 DOI：10.11984/j.issn.1000-7083.20160190 分类号：Q959.7 基金项目：国家自然科学基金项目（31100271） 作者简介：赵婷婷(1991-),女,硕士,研究方向为鸟类学,E-mail:1074878569@qq.com *通讯作者：殷江霞,副教授,E-mail:xia0615@126.com 参考文献： 霍亚鹏, 曹军, 张宇婷, 等. 2009. 杂色山雀性别分子鉴定方法的研究[J]. 辽宁林业科技, (1):3-7. 李剑, 万冬梅, 李东来, 等. 2013. 杂色山雀指名亚种繁殖期的鸣声行为[J]. 动物学杂志, 48(4):513-520. 鲁思凡, 刘金, 夏灿玮. 2014. 体征对灰眉岩鹀鸣唱频率特征的影响[J]. 动物学杂志, 49(3):334-340. Andersson MB. 1994. Sexual selection[M]. New Jersey:PrincetonUniversity Press:176. Appleby BM, Redpath SM. 1997. Indicators of male quality in the hoots of tawny owls (Strix aluco)[J]. Journal of Raptor Research, 31(1):65-70. Araya-Ajoy Y, Chaves-Campos J, Kalko EKV, et al. 2009. High-pitched notes during vocal contests signal genetic diversity in ocellated antbirds[J]. PLoS ONE, 4(12):e8137. DOI:10.1371/journal.pone.0008137. Beecher MD, Brenowitz EA. 2005. Functional aspects of song learning in songbirds[J]. Trends in Ecology & Evolution, 20(3):143-149. Budka M, Osiejuk TS. 2013. Formant frequencies are acoustic cues to caller discrimination and are a weak indicator of the body size of corncrake males[J]. Ethology,