一种快速起搏右心室诱导犬慢性心衰模型的新方法
A New Method for Rapid Pacing Right Ventricular Inducing Canine Chronic Heart Failure Model

中文摘要： 目的 探讨快速起搏右心室高效建立大动物慢性心衰模型的方法。 方法 随机选择雄性健康杂种犬5只,采用心室非同步起搏模式,起搏频率(260±10)次/分持续4周,通过观察起搏前、后犬的体征,以及超声心动图心功能参数、心脏形态学变化来评价快速起搏右心室建立犬慢性心衰模型的高效性和安全性。 结果 5只犬经快速右心室起搏均出现呼吸困难、活动减少、体质量减轻、浆膜腔积液等慢性心衰的症状和体征,超声心动图证实左心室射血分数由61.50%±3.36%降至38.60%±2.88%。 结论 快速起搏右心室建立犬慢性心衰模型能更好地模拟人类慢性心衰的病理生理变化,造模所需时间短,动物死亡率低,是一种高效、安全的大动物慢性心衰模型建立方法,为研究慢性心衰的发病机制打下基础。
英文摘要： Objectives This study aimed to explore the method of establishing the model of chronic heart failure in large animals by using the rapid right ventricular pacing. Methods Five healthy mongral dogs were randomly selected. The implanted pacer in dogs was set as the ventricular asynchronous pacing mode and programmed at 260 bpm±10 bpm for four weeks. By observing the signs, echocardiographic parameters of cardiac function and the cardiac morphological changes of dogs before and after the pacing, the efficiency and safety of the method to establish the model of chronic heart failure model in dog using the rapid right ventricular pacing were evaluated. Results After four weeks of rapid right ventricular pacing, all dogs showed out of breath, a decreased activity, losing weight and serious cavity effusion. Echocardiographic study showed that the left ventricular ejection fraction was dropped from 61.50%±3.36% to 38.60%±2.88%. Conclusions The results suggested that the model of chronic heart failure in dogs can better simulate the pathophysiological changes in human. The rapid right ventricular pacing was confirmed as a safe and efficient approach to establish the model of chronic heart failure in dog. The established model of dogs contributed to further study the pathophysiological mechanism of chronic heart failure. 2016,(35): 261-265 收稿日期：2015-08-25 DOI：10.11984/j.issn.1000-7083.20150258 分类号：Q95-33 基金项目：国家自然科学基金项目(81360039); 云南省心律失常诊治研究中心研究基金项目(No.2014NS260, 2014NS259) 作者简介：张曼(1991-), 女, 硕士研究生, 研究方向为心衰以及心肌细胞电生理, E-mail:hbzhangman@163.com *通讯作者：张进, E-mail:zhangjinxy@sina.com 参考文献： 付治卿, 刘涛, 米亚非, 等. 2007. 超声心动图在评估慢性心力衰竭模型中的作用[J]. 心脏杂志, 19(5): 528-530. 郭豫涛. 2001. 充血性心力衰竭的动物模型[J]. 上海实验动物科学, 21(2): 123-125. 何晓雷, 刘玉丽, 张岩, 等. 2009. 清醒犬慢性充血性心力衰竭模型的血流动力学特征[J]. 中南大学学报, 34(6): 487. 周淑娴, 张旭明, 伍卫, 等. 1998. 快速右心室起搏致心力衰竭犬模型的研制[J]. 中山医科大学学报, 19(1): 27-30. 周淑娴, 张旭明, 伍卫, 等. 1999. 胺碘酮对正常犬与心力衰竭犬心室电生理效应的比较[J]. 重庆医科大学学报, 20(1): 45-49. Anversa P, Olivetti G, Melissari M, et al. 1979. Morphometric study of myocardial hypertrophy induced by abdominal aorticstenosis[J]. Laboratory Investigation, 40(3): 341-349. Belevych AE, Terentyev D, Terentyeva R, et al . 2011. The relationship between arrhythmogenesis and impaired contractility in