狗獾东北亚种雌性生殖系统的组织学研究
Hematologic Study on Reproductive System of Female Meles meles amurensis

中文摘要：应用光镜对2011年4月和2012年6月、12月3个时期狗獾东北亚种 Meles meles amurensis的卵巢、输卵管、子宫、阴道进行观察。结果表明狗獾东北亚种各时期卵巢中均分布着不同发育阶段的卵泡、闭锁卵泡、黄体和基质；12月的卵巢中第Ⅰ、Ⅱ阶段卵泡数量较多，而第Ⅲ、Ⅳ阶段相对较少，4月、6月卵巢中第Ⅲ、Ⅳ阶段卵泡数量相对较多；卵巢基质中的间质腺极为发达。输卵管黏膜层形成多级皱褶且4月、6月较12月的发达；12月、4月及6月3个时期子宫内膜中均具有丰富的子宫腺且子宫腺的数目无明显差异。4月、6月阴道的黏膜上皮表现出不同程度的角质化，而12月的未见角质化。狗獾东北亚种雌性生殖系统呈现全年性发育活跃状态，明显不同于其他野生哺乳动物休情期呈现的周期性萎缩现象，这与其特殊的生殖生理特征相吻合。
英文摘要：The ovaries, fallopian tubes, uterus and vagina of female bager ( Meles meles amurensis) were observed by light microscope in April, 2011, June and December, 2012. The results showed that there were different development stages of follicles, atretic follicle, corpus luteum and matrix in ovary in April, June and December. The amount of follicles in stage Ⅰ and Ⅱ of the ovary in December was larger than that in stage Ⅲ and Ⅳ. However, in April and June, the stage Ⅲ and Ⅳ had a larger amount of follicles in ovary. Interstitial gland in the matrix of ovary was highly developed. There was multi-stage ruffle in tubal mucosa and the ruffle was more-developed in April and June than in December. There was rich uterus gland in endometrium and no significant difference was found among the number of uterus gland in April, June and December. In April and June, the mucosa of vagina showed different degrees of keratinization. Histological analysis of reproductive system suggested that the sexual development of female M. meles amurensis stayed active throughout the year, which was entirely different from other wild mammals with the cyclical contraction in anestrus but consistent with its special reproductive physiological characteristics. 2016,35(4): 574-578,583 收稿日期：2016-02-28 DOI：10.11984/j.issn.1000-7083.20160041 分类号：Q959.8 基金项目：国家林业局野生动植物保护司项目（林计发2015）；东北林业大学大学生创新训练项目 作者简介：王素(1995-),女,本科生,主要从事野生动物与自然保护区管理研究,E-mail:342005569@qq.com *通讯作者：刘玉堂,E-mail:liu-yutang@foxmail.com 参考文献： 陈静波. 2003. 牛妊娠期黄体形态结构及卵母细胞体外胚胎生产的研究[D]. 陕西杨凌:西北农林科技大学:47-56. 陈秋生, 刘宗平. 2002. 双峰驼卵巢的组织结构[J]. 中国兽医学报, 22(4):381-382. 冯文和, 肖蕾, 赵涛, 等. 1996. 大熊猫卵泡及卵母细胞发育的研究[J]. 兽类学报, 16(3):161-165. 高茂英. 2001. 组织学与胚胎学[M]. 北京:人民卫生出版社:289-300. 高耀亭. 1987. 中国动物志:兽纲 第八卷 食肉目[M]. 北京:科学出版社:214-223. 韩庆, 彭友林. 2002. 狗獾的人工养殖技术[J]. 饲料研究, (1):46-47. 雷伟, 杨增明. 2010. 胚胎着床的分子调控网络[J]. 生理科学进展, 41(6):417-422. 刘玉堂, 陈忠. 2010. 狗獾的繁殖特征及其重要医学研究价值[J]. 经济动物学报, 14(4):228-231. 刘玉堂, 张冠相, 王明. 1993. 蓝狐生殖系统的组织解剖[J]. 中国林副特产, 25(2):5-6. 刘玉堂, 周启平, 张淑云, 等. 1995.水貂发情期卵巢动态结构研究[J]. 东北林业大学学报, 23(2):49-53. 毛文智, 陈洋, 常青, 等. 2011. 小尾寒羊卵巢的组织结构特点[J]. 草食家畜, 150(1):34-38. 王亮, 李永成, 刘玉堂, 等. 2015. 笼养狗獾东北亚种繁殖规律[J]. 动物学杂志, 50(6):957-962. 修云芳. 2010. 成年雌性小熊猫卵巢