炔雌醚对长爪沙鼠种群数量和性比的影响
Effect of the Quinestrol on Population Size and Sex Ratio of Mongolia Gerbil

中文摘要：炔雌醚是一种激素类新型鼠类不育剂,已有研究表明,炔雌醚对某些鼠类种群繁殖具有良好的控制成效。为检验新型不育剂对长爪沙鼠种群的控制效果,2006年5月在内蒙古锡林郭勒盟锡林浩特市农牧交错带开展了炔雌醚对野外长爪沙鼠种群的控制实验,本次实验设投药区和对照区2个组别,5-8月开展逐月的夹线调查以及四分之一圆洞口计数法,对样地内长爪沙鼠进行系统的追踪调查,分析炔雌醚对长爪沙鼠种群数量以及种群性比的作用。结果显示:投药1个月之后,投药区雌鼠比例(16.3%)不及对照组雌鼠比例(51.9%)的三分之一,投药区的雌鼠比例(16.3%)仅为雄鼠比例(83.7%)的五分之一;与对照区相比,投药区长爪沙鼠的密度下降达60%以上。这表明:炔雌醚对野外长爪沙鼠种群的不育控制具有良好效果,且炔雌醚对长爪沙鼠的种群性比影响很大,过量投放炔雌醚可造成雌鼠死亡,单独使用炔雌醚可降低野外不育剂的药物成本。
英文摘要：Quinestrol is a synthetic estrogen and often used as contraceptive. Previous studies found that quinestrol had a significant effect on fertility control of murine population. In order to test the effect of quinestrol on Mongolia gerbil (Meriones unguiculataus), field experiments were conducted in Xilinhaote city of Xilinguole, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, in May 2006. The experimental area was divided into test region and control region. Quinestrol was applied in test region in May, and trapping-census were monthly implemented with trap-linear-method and 1/4 circle number of burrow method in the following four months (from May to August). Subsequently, the effects of quinestrol on M. unguiculataus population size and sex ratio were analyzed. The results showed that quinestrol can inhibit the M. unguiculataus population size increase. First of all, quinestrol can influence the sex ratio of M. unguiculataus population. Second, comparing with control region, the population density of tested region decreased by more than 60%. This result also demonstrated that excessive quinestrol was fatal to M. unguiculataus. The ratio of female (16.3%) in test region was only one-third of the female in control region (51.9%), and the proportion of female (16.3%) was only one-fifth of the male (83.7%) in test region. Therefore, quinestrol had a significant control effect on the reproduction of M. unguiculataus, excessive amount of quinestrol can lead the female individuals to death. 2016,(1): 62-65 收稿日期：2015-06-08 DOI：10.11984/j.issn.1000-7083.20150204 分类号：Q958.12 基金项目：公益性行业(农业)科研专项经费项目(No.201203041) 作者简介：张金宝(1965-), 男, 大专, 畜牧师, 主要从事草原鼠虫害监测与防治, E-mail:nmgazuoqi@126.com *通讯作者：倪亦非, E-mail:zhbnyf@163.com 参考文献： 陈千权, 曲家鹏, 刘明, 等. 2010. 高原鼠兔对炔雌醚、左炔诺孕酮和EP-1不育药饵适口性[J]. 动物学杂志, 45(3): 87-90. 范尊龙, 王勇, 孙琦, 等. 2015. EP-1不育剂对内蒙古沙地黑线仓鼠种群结构与繁殖的作用[J]. 生态学报, 35(11): 1-11. 何耀宏, 高杉, 周俗, 等. 2006. 植物灭鼠剂在青藏高原防治高原鼠兔应用试验[J]. 四川动物, 25(4): 743-746. 霍秀芳, 王登, 梁红春, 等. 2006. 两种不育剂对长爪沙鼠的作用[J]. 草地学报, 14(2): 184-187. 梁红春, 霍秀芳, 王登, 等. 2006. 不育技术控制长爪沙鼠种群的初步研究[J]. 植物保护, 32(2): 45-48. 施大钊, 海淑珍, 刘雪龙. 1998. 布氏田鼠数量调查方法的比较[J]. 草地学报, 6(3): 185-190. 宛新荣, 石岩生, 宝祥, 等. 2006. EP-1不育剂对黑线毛足鼠种群繁殖的影响[J]. 兽类学报,