麻醉-觉醒周期中非洲爪蟾的大脑复杂度研究
Dynamics of Brain Complexity During Anesthesia-Awakening Cycle in Xenopus laevis

中文摘要：全身麻醉是药物诱导下中枢神经系统的抑制状态，是长时间手术操作和有创实验顺利进行的保证。丘脑-皮层环路（特别是丘脑）可能在麻醉-觉醒调控中起着重要作用，但丘脑是否是最重要的调控脑区、调控时是否存在偏侧性尚不清楚。本研究以非洲爪蟾 Xenopus laevis为动物模型，在其端脑、间脑、中脑左右两侧分别埋植电极，在鱼安定诱导下进行全身麻醉，连续记录动物在"麻醉前清醒-给药-恢复-麻醉后清醒"过程中的脑电信号，计算各时期的Lempel-Ziv复杂度（LZC）。结果显示：不同状态下的LZC值显著不同，清醒时最大，深度麻醉时最小；给药时长与各脑区LZC值间的显著相关性主要存在于右侧大脑，特别是右侧丘脑。说明LZC可以较好地刻画麻醉-觉醒周期，且右侧丘脑在麻醉-觉醒调控中可能起着重要作用。
英文摘要：General anesthesia is a situation with drug-induced inhibition of central nervous system which can be used for long-term operation procedures and invasive experiments. The thalamo-cortical loop, especially the thalamus, is supposed to play a role in anesthesia-awakening regulation, however, whether the thalamus is the most important brain region and this regulation is asymmetric remain unclear. The present study used the south African clawed frog ( Xenopus laevis) as an animal model, and 6 cortical electrode pairs were implanted on the frog skull:both sides of the telencephalon, diencephalon and mesencephalon, respectively. The frogs were immersed in triciane methanesulfonate for general anesthesia and the electroencephalogram signals were recorded for the "pre-anesthesia, administration, recovery and post-anesthesia" cycle continuously. Lempel-Ziv complexity (LZC) was calculated for each stage. The results showed that LZC values differed significantly among various stages, and the highest values occurred during the awakening period and the lowest values occurred during the anesthesia period; and significant correlations were found exclusively between the duration of administration stage and LZC values for the right hemisphere, especially for the right thalamus. These results suggested that the anesthesia-awakening cycle could be reflected by LZC, and the right thalamus might play an important role in anesthesia-awakening regulation. 2018,37(5): 481-489 收稿日期：2018-03-06 DOI：10.11984/j.issn.1000-7083.20180073 分类号：Q955 基金项目：国家自然科学基金项目（31672305，31372217）；四川省教育厅项目（18ZA0321） 作者简介：刘衍素,女,硕士,副教授,研究方向:动物认知行为及其神经机理,E-mail:liu_xinman@sina.com *通讯作者：方光战,E-mail:fanggz@cib.ac.cn 参考文献： 薛飞, 方光战, 唐业忠. 2016. 大脑听觉偏侧性的特征与演化[J]. 四川动物, 35(4):626-631. Abásolo D, Simons S, da Silva RM, et al. 2015. Lempel-Ziv complexity of cortical activity during sleep and waking in rats[J]. Journal of Neurophysiology, 113(7):2742-2752. Alkire MTM, Haier RJP, Shah NKM, et al. 1997. Positron emission tomography study of regional cerebral metabolism in humans during isoflurane anesthesia[J]. Anesthesiology, 86(3):549-557. Antognini JF, Barter L, Carstens E. 2005. Movement as an index of anesthetic depth in humans and experimental