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-  2018 

蛙类前肢形态对树栖环境的适应性演化
Morphological Evolution of the Forelimb of Frogs (Anura) in Adaption to Arboreal Environment

Keywords: 树栖适应,形态进化,手长,前臂长,蛙类
英文关键字:arboreal adaptation
, morphological evolution, hand length, radio-ulna length, frogs

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Abstract:

中文摘要:无尾目Anura是现存两栖类中生物多样性最丰富的类群,在多种生态环境中都有分布,根据生境的不同可以划分为极具代表性的2类:树栖蛙类与非树栖蛙类,这两类的前肢形态具有较大差异。为了探究无尾目前肢形态与生境和系统发育之间的关系,本研究收集629号保存完好的无尾目标本的前肢形态学数据,通过Wilcoxon秩和检验比较了树栖蛙类和非树栖蛙类的前肢形态差异,并利用系统发育独立差(PIC)的方法评估观察到的差异。结果表明,树栖蛙类的相对手长长于非树栖蛙类,相对手长和相对前臂长的进化分别与不同因素相关,其中生境是树栖蛙类相对手长延长的主要相关因素(Wilcoxon秩和检验: P=2.20e-16;PIC: P=2.34e-05, r 2=0.465 8);相对前臂长主要受遗传因素的影响,与生境的关系并不明显(Wilcoxon秩和检验: P=1.77e-05;PIC: P=0.058 4, r 2=0.118 1)。本研究结合形态特征、系统发育关系和生境,有助于更好地了解前肢形态的进化与生境之间的关系,进而为无尾目物种的环境适应性进化研究提供支持。
英文摘要:Anura has the most abundant species diversity among the groups of vertebrates and occupy a wide range of habitats. Arboreal anurans are flat bodied with relatively long forelimbs. To determine the relationship between morphology and habitats/phylogeny, we compared the forelimb morphology of arboreal and non-arboreal frogs ( n=629) and used phylogenetic comparative methods to interpret the observed differences. Our results indicated that the evolution processes of hand and radio-ulna lengths were affected by different factors. Habitats had a potentially more positive effect on the relative length of the hand (Wilcoxon rank sum test: P=2.20e-16; PIC: P=2.34e-05, r 2=0.465 8), while heredity could be the main factor affecting the relative length of radio-ulna and with no significant relation to the habitats (Wilcoxon rank sum test: P=1.77e-05; PIC: P=0.058 4, r 2=0.118 1). This study will contribute to better understand the relationship between the evolution of the forelimb morphology and habitats, and thus provide support for the study of the environmental adaptation of Anura. 2018,37(4): 400-405 收稿日期:2018-03-05 DOI:10.11984/j.issn.1000-7083.20180072 分类号:Q959.5+3;Q951 基金项目:中国科学院B类先导科技专项培育项目(XDPB0202);国家自然科学基金项目(31722049,31772434);中国科学院东南亚生物多样性研究中心项目(Y4ZK111B01);中国科学院前沿科学重点研究项目(QYZDB-SSW-SMC058);中国科学院青年创新促进会基金项目 作者简介:杨曈(1993-),女,硕士研究生,研究方向:两栖动物系统进化,E-mail:yangtong15@mails.ucas.ac.cn *通讯作者:李家堂,E-mail:lijt@cib.ac.cn 参考文献: 费梁, 叶昌媛, 胡淑琴, 等. 2009. 中国动物志 两栖纲(中卷) 无尾目[M]. 北京:科学出版社. 费梁, 叶昌媛, 江建平. 2012. 中国两栖动物及其分布彩色图鉴[M]. 成都:四川科学技术出版社. Bossuyt F, Milinkovitch MC. 2000. Convergent adaptive radiations in Madagascan and Asian ranid frogs reveal covariation between larval and adult traits[J]. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 97:6585-6590. Dang NX, Wang JS, Liang J, et al. 2017. The specialisation of the third metacarpal and hand in arboreal frogs:adaptation for arboreal habitat?[J]. Acta Zoological:1-11. Frost DR. 2018. Amphibian species of the world:an online reference. Version 6.0[EB/OL]. (2017-12-20).

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