何首乌苷对亚急性衰老模型小鼠学习记忆能力及海马内ChAT和AChE表达的影响
The Effect of Ploygonum multiflorum Thunb. Glycoside on Learning and Memory and Expression of ChAT and AChE in the Hippocampus of Subacute Aging Model Mice

中文摘要： 目的 研究何首乌苷（ Polygonum multiflorum Thunb.glycoside）对亚急性衰老模型小鼠学习记忆能力及海马组织内胆碱乙酰转移酶（ChAT）和乙酰胆碱酯酶（AChE）表达的影响。 方法 采用AlCl 3（10 mg·kg -1）灌胃及D-半乳糖（120 mg·kg -1）颈部皮下注射，持续处理60 d并通过跳台逃避行为学实验法筛选出亚急性衰老KM小鼠模型；将成功构建的衰老模型小鼠，雌雄各半，随机分为5组，包括：衰老模型组、雌二醇阳性对照组（10 mg·kg -1）和何首乌苷高、中、低剂量组（剂量分别为：80 mg·kg -1、40 mg·kg -1、20 mg·kg -1）；并选择健康小鼠作为正常对照组。治疗组小鼠在造模后15 d起分别颈部皮下注射高、中、低剂量的何首乌苷和雌二醇，持续给药15 d；衰老模型组和正常对照组小鼠分别给予等体积生理盐水。利用跳台逃避行为学实验法判断各组小鼠的学习记忆能力的变化和差异；利用Western Blot法检测小鼠海马体组织细胞内胆碱酯酶系统ChAT和AChE蛋白表达情况。 结果 与正常对照组比较，各实验组小鼠学习记忆能力显著下降，小鼠跳台回避错误次数显著增加（ P<0.05）；与衰老模型组比较，不同剂量何首乌苷组与雌二醇阳性对照组小鼠学习记忆能力明显改善，小鼠跳台回避错误次数明显减少（ P<0.05或 P<0.001），而不同剂量何首乌苷组与雌二醇阳性对照组小鼠跳台回避错误次数相近（ P>0.05）；与衰老模型组比较，不同剂量何首乌苷组与雌二醇阳性对照组小鼠海马体组织细胞内的ChAT表达量升高而AChE表达量下降，差异有统计学意义或高度统计学意义（ P<0.05或 P<0.001）。 结论 何首乌苷能有效改善亚急性衰老模型小鼠的学习记忆能力障碍，其机制与其使海马内组织细胞的ChAT表达升高和AChE表达降低，从而增加乙酰胆碱的含量以改善胆碱能系统损害有关。
英文摘要： Objective This study aims to investigate the potential protective effect of Ploygonum multiflorum Thunb. glycoside (PM) on the ability of learning and memory and the regulatory function on the expression of ChAT and AChE in the hippocampus of subacute aging mice model. Methods Kunming (KM) mice were treated by AlCl 3 (10 mg·kg -1) via intragastric administration (Ig) and D-glactose (120 mg·kg -1) via subcutaneous injection on neck for 60 days. The qualified individuals were screened by jumping-out experiment. Male and female qualified mice were equally divided into6 groups, including normal control group, disease model group (negative control), estradiol positive group (10 mg·kg -1), PM-high dose (80 mg·kg -1), PM-medium dose (40 mg·kg -1) and PM-low dose (20 mg·kg -1) groups. Negative control was treated by saline buffer; healthy mice treated by saline buffer were used as normal control. KM mice were treated by PM or estradiol via subcutaneous injection on neck for 15 days since the 15th day after the model was established. The learning and memory ability of mice in each group was determined by the jumping-out experiment. ChAT and AChE protein expression in the hippocampus tissue were detected by Western Blot assay. Results Compared with normal control group, the learning and memory ability of mice decreased in the treatment group, and the number of avoidance errors was significantly increased ( P<0.05). Compared with the disease model group, the learning and memory ability of mice treated by designated dose of PM and estradiol was significantly improved, and the number of withdrawal avoidance errors was obviously or extreme obviously decreased ( P<0.05 or P<0.001). However, the data of estradiol