海南岛泛树蛙属(两栖纲:无尾目:树蛙科)物种的形态特征鉴定及其多样性研究
Morphological Identification and Diversity of Polypedates species (Rhacophoridae, Anura, Amphibia) on Hainan Island

中文摘要：泛树蛙属 Polypedates物种形态特征较相似，分布范围广，分布区部分重叠，对该属物种的分类鉴定与分布一直存有疑议。海南岛有泛树蛙属物种分布，但目前尚无该区域泛树蛙属物种多样性及其分布的系统调查，是否具有隐存种尚不清楚。2015年7月-2017年7月，根据海南岛的地形，在全岛范围内选取了30个泛树蛙属物种地理种群，采集了256号标本。通过对115号成体标本形态特征的比较及分子系统发育关系的研究，确认海南岛泛树蛙属物种只有斑腿泛树蛙 P. megacephalus和无声囊泛树蛙 P. mutus，未发现隐存种。斑腿泛树蛙为全岛广布性物种，无声囊泛树蛙仅分布于海南岛中南部山区。此外，体型、体侧斑点及其后半部网纹、股后部斑点和胫跗关节前伸至眼/鼻/吻端的位置等特征可作为稳定且典型的鉴别特征。形态特征鉴定结果与分子数据鉴定结果一致，该特征可为其他分布区这2个物种的分类鉴定提供参考。
英文摘要：It is very difficult to distinguish and define the distribution of various species in the genus Polypedates owing to their superficial morphological similarities, wide distribution, and partial sympatry. Although the distribution of Polypedates species has been verified on Hainan Island, systematic surveys of species diversity and species-specific distribution in this area are still limited. Moreover, the existence of cryptic species is also not clear. In this study, 256 Polypedates specimens were collected during July 2015 to July 2017 from 30 selected geographical populations based on the topographic characteristics of Hainan Island. By comparing the morphological characteristics of 115 adult specimens and phylogenetic relationships, only P. megacephalus and P. mutus were confirmed to occur on Hainan Island. In addition, no cryptic species was found. P. megacephalus was found to be widely distributed throughout the island, while P. mutus only occurred in the middle and southern mountains. As determined by molecular identification, the differences in the following morphological characteristics were found to be suitable for distinguishing the 2 species:body size, presence of spots on the sides and reticulate patterns in the latter half, reticulate patterns in the posterior part, tibial tarsal joints stretch to the eye, and nostrils drawn into a snout. These stable and typical morphological characteristics can be used to accurately distinguish P. megacephalus and P. mutus. 2018,37(5): 490-496 收稿日期：2018-03-30 DOI：10.11984/j.issn.1000-7083.20180109 分类号：Q959.5 基金项目：国家自然科学基金项目（31260518）；海南省教育厅项目（00501023523） 作者简介：刘秋成(1989-),男,硕士研究生,主要从事两栖爬行动物生态与保护生物学研究,E-mail:lqc@hainnu.edu.cn *通讯作者：汪继超,E-mail:wjc@hainnu.edu.cn 参考文献： 费梁, 胡淑琴, 叶昌媛, 等. 2009. 中国动物志 两栖纲(中卷)无尾目[M]. 北京:科学出版社. 费梁, 叶昌媛, 黄永昭, 等. 2005. 中国两栖动物检索及图解[M]. 成都:四川科学技术出版社. 费梁, 叶昌媛, 江建平. 2012. 中国两栖动物及其分布彩色图鉴[M]. 成都:四川科学技术出版社. 费梁. 1999. 中国两栖动物图鉴[M]. 郑州:河南科学技术出版社. 刘承钊, 胡淑琴. 1961. 中国无尾两栖类[M]. 北京:科学出版社. 史海涛, 赵尔宓, 王力军. 2011. 海南两栖爬行动物志[M]. 北京:科学出版社. 王宝灿. 2006. 海南岛港湾海岸的形成与演变[M]. 北京:海洋出版社. 杨大同, 饶定齐. 2008. 云南两栖爬行动物[M]. 昆明:云南出版集团公司和云南科技出版社. 中国两栖类. 2018. 中国两栖类信息系统[EB/OL]. (2018-03-23)[2018-04-12].