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- 2015
繁殖期贵阳本地鸟类贸易现状
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Abstract:
中文摘要：动物贸易是生物多样性丧失的重要原因,在物种的繁殖期进行捕捉和贸易对种群更是不利。为分析和评价贵阳本地鸟类在繁殖期间的生存现状和保护需求,于2014年3—6月调查了贵阳市油榨街花鸟市场上被交易的鸟类。共记录到114种当地鸟类,种数超过贵阳当地鸟类总数的50%,其中7种为保护物种。用于"斗鸟"的灰喉鸦雀 Paradoxornis alphonsianus被交易的数量最高,画眉 Garrulax canornus、红嘴相思鸟 Leiothrix lutea、暗绿绣眼鸟 Zosterops japonicas、红尾水鸲 Rhyacornis fuliginosus和黄喉鹀 Emberiza elegans等数量次之。接近80%的陆栖或半陆栖的鸟类及其雏鸟在繁殖期间都面临着很高的被捕捉风险。除了开展人工繁育,还建议开展野生鸟类的性别识别和性比研究,以减少野生雌鸟的损失和评价鸟类物种保护的优先性,同时加大宣传,将笼养鸟类者发展为支持鸟类研究和保护的重要力量。
英文摘要：Wildlife trade is one of the driving forces for the biodiversity losses. In particular, the capture and trade of wildlife has substantial effects on population persistence during the breeding season. A bird market located at the Youzha street of Guiyang city in southwest China was selected to survey the local bird species being traded during the breeding season (from March to June in 2014). A total of 114 local birds including seven protected species were recorded, and this number was more than half of the total in Guiyang. The ashy-throated parrotbill ( Paradoxornis alphonsianus), normally used as fighting bird, was most frequently traded, followed by hwamei ( Garrulax canornus), red-billed leiothrix ( Leiothrix lutea), Japanese white-eye ( Zosterops japonicas), plumbeous water redstart ( Rhyacornis fuliginosus) and yellow-throated bunting ( Emberiza elegans). Except the water birds, the risk of being captured was much higher for both adults and juveniles. Besides the commercial breeding, it was necessary to support the studies on the sex identification and sex-ratio of wild birds. These suggestions may be helpful for decreasing the loss of birds, especially the wild female individuals, and establishing the bird conservation priority. We argued that the bird-keepers could be the important forces for the bird study and conservation. 2015,34(2): 306-311 收稿日期：2014-7-15 DOI：10.3969/j.issn.1000-7083.2015.02.024 分类号：Q959.7 基金项目：贵州省自然科学基金项目([2013]2250);贵州师范学院基金项目(12BS027) 作者简介： *通讯作者：戴传银(1982—),男,博士,讲师,主要从事动物学教学和鸟类学研究,E-mail:daicy527@163.com 参考文献： 毕俊怀, 何晓萍. 2005. 呼和浩特鸟市野生鸟类交易调查[J]. 内蒙古师范大学学报: 自然科学版, 34(1): 93-95. 霍雅鹏, 万冬梅, 曹军, 等. 2009. 沈阳地区鸟市鸟类物种调查与分析[J]. 沈阳师范大学学报: 自然科学版, 27(2): 245-248. 李新华, 董怡霄, 徐石清, 等. 2009. 南京灵谷寺森林中鸟类对湘楠种子的传播作用[J]. 生态学杂志, 28(1): 32-37. 李新华, 尹晓明, 贺善安. 2001. 南京中山植物园秋冬季鸟类对植物种子的传播作用[J]. 生物多样性, 9(1): 68-72. 鲁长虎. 2003. 槲寄生的生物学特征及鸟类对其种子的传播[J]. 生态学报, 23(4): 834-839. 王直军, 曹敏, 李国锋, 等. 2002. 鸟类对山黄麻种子的传播及其生态作用[J]. 动物学研究, 23(3): 214-219. 武宇红, 张晓丽, 张雪辉. 2006. 邢台市鸟类市场野生鸟类调查[J]. 邢台学院学报, 20(4): 118-121. 徐基良, 张正旺, 张淑萍. 2002. 天津地区鸟类市场调查[J]. 北京师范大学学报: 自然科学版, 38(4): 535-539. 约翰·马敬能, 卡伦·菲利普斯, 何芬奇. 2000. 中国鸟类野外手册[M]. 长沙:
