四川小寨子沟国家级自然保护区绿尾虹雉的日活动行为特征
Daily Activity Pattern of Lophophorus lhuysii during Spring and Summer in Xiaozhaizigou National Nature Reserve, Sichuan

中文摘要：2017年4—8月，利用瞬时扫描法和红外相机调查法对四川小寨子沟国家级自然保护区绿尾虹雉 Lophophorus lhuysii的日活动行为进行了研究，结果表明：1）春、夏季绿尾虹雉的活动时间主要用于移动（38.04%），其次是取食（33.96%）、观望（17.01%）和静栖（7.05%），用于社会（2.14%）、保养（1.54%）和繁殖（0.27%）的时间较少；2）取食行为早晚的频次较高，静栖和保养行为在午后具有明显高峰，社会行为在清晨和夜宿前达到峰值；3）静栖、社会和保养行为节律存在性别和季节差异，繁殖行为节律存在性别差异；4）与笼养种群相比，野生绿尾虹雉的取食时间占比更大，静栖行为占比更少，移动、社会、繁殖和观望行为节律存在差异。了解野生绿尾虹雉的行为特征是保护该物种的重要基础，同时也可为人工圈养种群的管理提供参考，今后应重视其野外生态学研究工作。
英文摘要：During spring (April to May) and summer (June to August) in 2017, the daily activities of Lophophorus lhuysii in Xiaozhaizigou National Nature Reserve, Sichuan were studied by using instantaneous and scan sampling method with the addition of camera trapping techniques. The results indicated that:1) L. lhuysii spent more time on moving (38.04%) and feeding behavior (33.96%), but spent less time on watching (17.01%), resting (7.05%), social (2.14%), maintaining (1.54%) and breeding behaviors (0.27%). 2) Two peaks of feeding behavior occurred at dawn and dusk separately with a low ebb occurred in the afternoon. There was a significant peak for both resting and maintaining behaviors in the afternoon, while the social behavior peaked in the early morning and before roosting. 3) There were seasonal and sex differences in the rhythm of resting, social and maintaining behaviors. In addition, the rhythm of breeding behavior had sex difference. 4) Comparing with the captive populations, wild L. lhuysii populations spent more daily time on feeding but less time on resting. The rhythm of moving, social, breeding and watching behaviors also differed between the captive and wild populations. Understanding the daily activity pattern of wild L. lhuysii can provide important research basis for the protection of this species. The management approach of captive populations should be considered and more behavior ecology studies of L. lhuysii are needed for the conservation in the future. 2018,37(3): 241-250 收稿日期：2018-01-25 DOI：10.11984/j.issn.1000-7083.20180032 分类号：Q959.7 作者简介：陈俊橙(1992-),硕士研究生,研究方向:保护生物学,E-mail:orangecjc@foxmail.com *通讯作者：吴永杰,E-mail:wuyongjie@scu.edu.cn;冉江洪,E-mail:rjhong-01@163.com 参考文献： 陈光升, 齐代华, 杨远兵, 等. 2005. 四川小寨子沟自然保护区大熊猫生境植物群落结构特征[J]. 广西植物, 25(4):305-309. 程彩云, 李金录, 刘凤玲. 1996. 绿尾虹雉育雏研究[J]. 野生动物, 17(3):19-21. 程松林, 雷平, 胡尔夷, 等. 2015. 江西武夷山自然保护区黄腹角雉昼间行为的红外相机监测[J]. 动物学杂志, 50(5):695-702. 崔鹏, 邓文洪. 2013. 四川栗子坪自然保护区红腹角雉雌鸟和亚成体冬季集群行为研究[J]. 四川动物, 32(6):846-849. 窦亮, 徐雨, 耿秋扎西, 等. 2015. 笼养绿尾虹雉炫耀行为节律及天气因素对该行为的影响研究[J]. 四川动物, 34(3):399-402. 蒋志刚, 江建平, 王跃招, 等. 2016. 中国脊椎动物红色名录[J]. 生物多样性, 24(5):500-551. 隆廷伦, 邵开清, 郭耕, 等. 1998. 绿尾虹雉冬季生态的跟踪观测研究[J]. 四川动物, 17(3):8-9. 卢汰春, 刘如笋, 何芬奇,