中国沿海双齿近相手蟹9个群体形态差异分析
Morphological Variation Analysis among Nine Populations of Perisesarma bidens from Coasts of China

中文摘要：针对双齿近相手蟹 Perisesarma bidens 9个群体(龙海、深圳、珠海、阳江、徐闻、企水、清澜港、北海、防城港)228只个体的22项形态比例参数,采用聚类分析、判别分析和主成分分析对群体间形态差异进行了比较。结果表明,聚类分析不能把群体明显地分群;9个群体提取的6个主成分的累积贡献率为84.09%,第一、二主成分绘制的散点图显示,各群体互相重叠,无法区分开来;综合判别准确率为40.8%,判别准确率不高,无法有效地运用判别函数依据个体形态特征进行分类;单因子方差分析显示,各群体大多数变量的差异具有统计学意义( P<0.05),说明双齿近相手蟹群体间个体形态有一定差异,可能是受环境影响;差异系数( CD)值均小于亚种分类的阈值1.28,说明群体间的形态差异小,未达到亚种水平。
英文摘要：Twenty-two proportional parameters of morphometric characters were analyzed by the cluster analysis, discriminatory analysis and principle component analysis to reveal the morphological variations among nine geographical populations of Perisesarma bidens (228 individuals) from Longhai, Shenzhen, Zhuhai, Yangjiang, Xuwen, Qinshui, Qinglan Barbor, Beihai and Fangcheng Port. The result of cluster analysis showed that P. bidens could not be divided. The result of principle component analysis indicated that six principle components were constructed by factor loading, and the cumulative contribution ratio was 84.09%. Scatter plots of scores on the first and second principle component showed that there were overlapped species in the nine populations, and could not be distinguished. The total accuracy of discrimination was not high (40.8%), suggested that the individuals could not be effectively classified into their own population based on individual morphological characteristics as analyzed by discriminant function. One-Way ANOVA result revealed that there were significant differences ( P<0.05) among populations in most morphological characteristics, suggested that there were differences of morphological characteristics in individuals, and these were likely due to the influence of environment. The coefficients of difference ( CD) among the nine populations were lower than 1.28 (a well-known critical value of subspecies), suggested that there was no significant difference of morphological characteristics among the nine populations. 2015,34(4): 481-488 收稿日期：2014-12-21 DOI：10.11984/j.issn.1000-7083.2015.04.001 分类号：Q959.223;Q954 基金项目：广西红树林保护与利用重点实验室基金资助(GKLMC-201205); "红树林和海草生态系统保育与生态监测"特聘专家岗位专项 作者简介：徐敬明(1963—),男,教授,主要从事海洋蟹类系统学与生理生态研究,E-mail:xjingming@163.com 参考文献： 曹侦, 冯广朋, 庄平, 等. 2013. 长江中华绒螯蟹洄游群体与养殖群体形态差异分析[J]. 淡水渔业, 43(6): 3-7. 丁金强, 刘萍, 李健, 等. 2012. 中国沿海日本蟳4个地理群体的形态差异比较分析[J]. 中国水产科学, 19(4): 604-610. 董志国, 李晓英, 阎斌伦, 等. 2010. 中国海五种群三疣梭子蟹的形态差异分析[J]. 海洋通报, 29(4): 421-426. 高保全, 刘萍, 李健, 等. 2007. 三疣梭子蟹4个野生群体形态差异分析[J]. 中国水产科学, 14(2): 223-228. 高天翔, 张秀梅, 柳广东, 等. 2003. 10 个日本绒螯蟹群体与中华绒螯蟹形态的主成分分析[J]. 大连水产学院, 18(4): 273-277. 李晨虹, 李思发. 1999. 中国大陆沿海六水系绒螯蟹(中华绒螯蟹和日本绒螯蟹)群体亲缘关系: 形态判别分析[J]. 水产学报, 23(4): 337-342. 李勇,