首例太行山猕猴双胞胎初报
First Occurrence of Twins in Provisioned Free-ranging Rhesus Macaques in Mt. Taihangshan Area, China

中文摘要：2014年4月21日17:30,在河南省济源市五龙口风景区的一个太行山猕猴 Macaca mulatta tcheliensis群(WLK-1)内首次发现了太行山猕猴一胎双生的现象。采用焦点动物取样法对双胞胎母亲和婴猴进行了观察和记录,旨在对母猴早期育婴行为特征和婴猴个体发育进行初步研究。这是国内首次报道野外条件下猕猴的双胞胎现象。
英文摘要：In a free-ranging rhesus macaque Macaca mulatta tcheliensis group (WLK-1) (Wulongkou Scenic Area, Jiyuan, Henan province, China), we observed a case of twin infants carried by an adult female at 17:30 on April 21 th, 2014. Focal animal sampling method was used to describe the behavior characteristics of this female and the twins' development during early lactation. This was the first occurrence of twin infants in rhesus macaques in the field in China. 2015,34(1): 99-102 收稿日期：2014-6-11 DOI：10.3969/j.issn.1000-7083.2015.01.017 分类号：Q959.8;Q958.1 基金项目：国家自然科学基金项目(31170503);河南省重点科技攻关项目(122102310400) 作者简介：张士强(1989-),男,硕士研究生,从事动物生态学研究 *通信作者：Correspondingauthors,王振龙,E-mail:wzl@zzu.edu.cn;路纪琪,lujq@zzu.edu.cn 参考文献： 柴文斌, 路纪琪, 王振龙, 等. 2013. 太行山猕猴的死婴携带行为初报[J]. 四川动物, 32(2): 250-252. 侯进怀, 瞿文元, 陈莉, 等. 1998. 太行山猕猴繁殖生态行为研究[J]. 生态学杂志, 17(4): 22-25. 孔小刚, 郭卫东, 匡三傲, 等. 2012. 济源五龙口景区猕猴资源现状与可持续利用分析[J]. 河南林业科技, 31(4): 11-15. 宋朝枢, 瞿文元. 1996. 太行山猕猴自然保护区科学考察集[M]. 北京: 中国林业出版社: 56-98. 田军东, 王振龙, 路纪琪, 等. 2011. 野生太行山猕猴的社会结构[J]. 人类学学报, 30(4): 443-454. Ah-King M, Tullberg BS. 2000. Phylogenetic analysis of twinning in Callitrichinae[J]. American Journal of Primatology, 51(2): 135-146. Altmann J. 1974. Observational study of behavior: sampling methods[J]. Behaviour (BRILL), 49(3, 4): 227-267. Bercovitch FB, Widdig A, Berard JD, et al. 2002. Multiple sirehood in free-ranging twin rhesus macaques ( Macaca mulatta)[J]. American Journal of Primatology, 57: 31-34. Canfield D, Brignolo L, Peterson PE, et al. 2000. Conjoined twins in a rhesus monkey ( Macaca mulatta)[J]. Journal of Medical Primatology, 29(6): 427-430. Chapman C, Chapman LJ. 1986. Behavioural development of howling monkey twins ( Alouatta palliata) in Santa Rosa National Park, Costa Rica[J]. Primates, 27(3): 377-381. Chapman CA. 1990. Association patterns of spider monkeys: the influence of ecology and sex on social organization[J]. Behavioral Ecology and Sociobiology, 26(6): 409-414. Dunbar RIM. 1988. Primate Social Systems[M]. London: Croom Helm. Fooden J. 2000. Systematic review of the rhesus macaques, Macaca mulatta (Zimmermann, 1780)[M]. Chicago: Field Museum of Natural History. Geraldine DP, Thomas G. 1994. Behavioural development of twin siamangs ( Hylobates syndactylus)[J]. Primates, 35(3): 325-342. Goodall J. 1986. The Chimpanzees of Gombe: Patterns of Behavior[M]. Cambridge, Massachusetts: Belknap Press of Harvard University Press. Hsu