颧骨种植体植入术的研究进展
Research progress on the zygomatic implant technique

摘要： 上颌骨严重萎缩的患者，剩余牙槽嵴的高度和宽度不足，不能为传统种植体提供锚定的骨组织，目前的解决方案有患者自身或异体骨移植、上颌窦提升同期骨移植、短种植体、翼上颌种植体、颧骨种植体和可摘修复体等。其中，颧骨种植体是一种比较优良的方案，避免了植骨并可即刻修复，可在短时间内较理想地恢复患者的咀嚼、发音和颜面美观等，因此受到了学者们的青睐。近年来，颧骨种植体设计和手术技术迅猛发展，所以本文就颧骨种植体植入手术的相关解剖、植入指南、手术技术、即刻修复和应用前景等研究进展作一综述。
Abstract: Patients with severely atrophied maxilla cannot provide bone tissue for implant anchorage because of the insufficient height and width of their residual alveolar ridges. Many approaches have been suggested to solve this problem, such as autogenous or allogeneic bone grafting; bone grafting with sinus floor augmentation; and the use of short implants, pterygomaxillary implants, zygomatic implants, or removable prostheses. The use of zygomatic implants is an effective method that can avoid bone grafting and adopt immediate rehabilitation. These advantages ideally solve problems on mastication, pronunciation, and appearance in a short time. As a result, scholars have increasingly favored this method over other techniques. In recent years, the design and the surgical techniques of zygomatic implant application have developed rapidly. This article aims to review the related anatomy, general guidelines, surgical techniques, immediate rehabilitation, and the prospects related to zygomatic implant application.
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