抗血小板药物的多效性研究进展

冠状动脉粥样硬化性心脏病(coronary atherosclerotic heart disease, CAD)是由冠状动脉发生动脉粥样硬化而引起血管腔狭窄或阻塞，造成心肌缺血缺氧或发生坏死。抗血小板药物在CAD治疗中占据首要地位，目前常用于临床治疗的抗血小板药物分别是口服环氧化酶-1（COX-1）抑制剂、口服P2Y12受体抑制剂以及磷酸二酯酶抑制剂。抗血小板药物除抗血小板聚集，还具有抗炎、抗动脉硬化、抗癌、改善冠状动脉痉挛、改善内皮功能等作用。本文就阿司匹林、氯吡格雷、替格瑞洛、双嘧达莫以及西洛他唑的多效性进行综述。
Coronary atherosclerotic heart disease (CAD) is caused by blood vessel stenosis or occlusion due to atherosclerosis, leading to myocardial ischemia, anoxia or even necrosis. Antiplatelet agents play an absolutely important role in the treatment of coronary artery disease. The most commonly used antiplatelet agents include COX-1 inhibitors, oral P2Y12 receptor antagonists and PDE inhibitors. Studies in recent years have shown that these agents also possess other non-antiplatelet effects, including antiinflammation, antiatherosclerosis and anticancer effects, it can alleviate blood vessel spasm and improve endothelial function as well. This article reviews the latest research progress on the multiple effects of antiplatelet agents aspirin, clopidogrel, ticagrelor, dipyridamole and cilostazol