上海市孕前优生健康检查现状及影响因素调查分析

目的 探讨上海市孕前优生健康检查现状及影响因素。方法 采用分层随机抽样和回顾性调查的方法，将上海市16个区按照地理位置分为城区和郊区，在城区和郊区各随机选择两家妇产科医院作为调查机构 ，利用调查问卷对2017年7至8月在调查机构内进行常规产检的孕妇进行调查。结果 上海市女性孕前优生健康检查率为40.8%，男性为27.4%。高龄妇女（≥35岁）孕前优生健康检查率高于低龄妇女（≤25岁）（OR=1.850，95%CI： 1.033～3.314）；有不良孕产史者高于无不良孕产史者（OR=2.355，95%CI： 1.387～3.999）；计划妊娠者高于意外妊娠者（OR=4.000，95%CI： 2.543～6.292）。结论 上海市孕前优生健康检查参与率仍需加强，年龄（≥35岁）、是否计划妊娠及有无不良孕产史是上海市女性孕前优生健康检查的影响因素。
Objective To survey the current status and influencing factors of preconception health check-up in Shanghai. Methods Two maternity hospitals in urban areas and two maternity hospitals in rural areas were randomly selected from 16 districts in Shanghai. A retrospective survey with self-designed questionnaire was conducted among pregnant women undergoing routine prenatal examination in the 4 selected maternity hospitals from July to August in 2017. Results The rate of preconception health check-up among females was 40.8%, while that among males was 27.4% in Shanghai. The rate of preconception health check-up in women aged ≥35 was higher than that in women aged ≤25 years old（OR=1.850，95%CI： 1.033-3.314）; the preconception health check-up rate in women with history of abnormal pregnancy was higher than that in those without（OR=2.355，95%CI： 1.387-3.999）; the preconception health check-up rate in women with intended pregnancy was higher than that in women with unintended pregnancy（OR=4.000，95%CI： 2.543-6.292）. Conclusion The preconception health check-up still need to be strengthened, the age, intention of pregnancy and history of abnormal pregnancy are related to the preconception health check-up in Shanghai